History by Letter: C

History by Letter: C

Questions

1. 1 Which British explorer was killed in 1779 by natives, after becoming the first westerner to set foot in Hawaii?
2.  What is the more common name for the Flavian Amphitheatre, perhaps the most iconic landmark of Rome?
3.  El Castillo, or the Temple of Kukulcan, is the most famous feature of which Mayan city and archaeological site on the Yucatan Peninsula of modern-day Mexico?
4.  Which Space Shuttle broke up shortly after takeoff on its 10th flight, in 1986?
5.  Though born Gaius Caesar, which early Roman Emperor is usually known by his nickname, which translated literally as "little soldier's boot"?
6.  The writings of which Frenchman, who died in Geneva in 1564, were the foundations of many modern Protestant denominations, such as Presbyterianism?
7.  Which modern-day country hosts the great historical Khmer city of Angkor?
8.  Along with Lao Tsu, which great philosopher's work is generally considered one of the fathers of Chinese ethics and morality?
9.  Which musician, who died in 2003, was well-known for his performances from prisons, such as San Quentin and Folsom State Prison?
10.  Which woman was the first to receive two Nobel prizes, and remains one of only two people in history to receive Nobel prizes in two different disciplines?
11.  A great fire in which American city in 1871 is traditionally blamed on Mrs O'Leary's cow knocking over a lantern?
12.  Which Frankish king was crowned "Holy Emperor of the Romans" in 800AD after establishing an empire spanning much of western Europe?
13.  Named after the first Christian emperor of Rome, and capital of the Byzantine Empire, by what name was Istanbul formerly known?
14.  Which Polish astronomer is generally credited with describing the first detailed theory of heliocentrism?
15.  Hannibal Barca, who famously led his war elephants over the Alps, was the leader of which north-African city-state, an early rival of Rome?
16.  Welsh, Manx and Breton fall within which language group, named after the broad European cultural family which flourished during the Classical Period?
17.  Which Ptolemaic leader who died in 30BC was the final Pharaoh of Egypt, before it was fully absorbed into the Roman Empire?
18.  Which African city, also known as Kaapstad, was initially founded as a Dutch waypoint and trading post near to the Cape of Good Hope?
19.  On October 12th 1492, which explorer finally made land in the Bahamas, believing at the time that he had found an alternative route to the East Indies?

1. 1 Which British explorer was killed in 1779 by natives, after becoming the first westerner to set foot in Hawaii?

   Captain James Cook
2.  What is the more common name for the Flavian Amphitheatre, perhaps the most iconic landmark of Rome?

   the Colosseum
3.  El Castillo, or the Temple of Kukulcan, is the most famous feature of which Mayan city and archaeological site on the Yucatan Peninsula of modern-day Mexico?

   Chichen Itza
4.  Which Space Shuttle broke up shortly after takeoff on its 10th flight, in 1986?

   Challenger (Space Shuttle Columbia would also break up, on re-entry in 2003). 
5.  Though born Gaius Caesar, which early Roman Emperor is usually known by his nickname, which translated literally as "little soldier's boot"?

   Caligula
6.  The writings of which Frenchman, who died in Geneva in 1564, were the foundations of many modern Protestant denominations, such as Presbyterianism?

   John Calvin (Jean/Jehan Cauvin)
7.  Which modern-day country hosts the great historical Khmer city of Angkor?

   Cambodia
8.  Along with Lao Tsu, which great philosopher's work is generally considered one of the fathers of Chinese ethics and morality?

   Confucius
9.  Which musician, who died in 2003, was well-known for his performances from prisons, such as San Quentin and Folsom State Prison?

   Johnny Cash
10.  Which woman was the first to receive two Nobel prizes, and remains one of only two people in history to receive Nobel prizes in two different disciplines?

    Marie Curie
11.  A great fire in which American city in 1871 is traditionally blamed on Mrs O'Leary's cow knocking over a lantern?

    Chicago
12.  Which Frankish king was crowned "Holy Emperor of the Romans" in 800AD after establishing an empire spanning much of western Europe?

    Charlemagne (Charles the Great/Charles I)
13.  Named after the first Christian emperor of Rome, and capital of the Byzantine Empire, by what name was Istanbul formerly known?

    Constantinople
14.  Which Polish astronomer is generally credited with describing the first detailed theory of heliocentrism?

    Nicolaus Copernicus (Mikołaj Kopernik)
15.  Hannibal Barca, who famously led his war elephants over the Alps, was the leader of which north-African city-state, an early rival of Rome?

    Carthage
16.  Welsh, Manx and Breton fall within which language group, named after the broad European cultural family which flourished during the Classical Period?

    Celtic
17.  Which Ptolemaic leader who died in 30BC was the final Pharaoh of Egypt, before it was fully absorbed into the Roman Empire?

    Cleopatra VII Philopator
18.  Which African city, also known as Kaapstad, was initially founded as a Dutch waypoint and trading post near to the Cape of Good Hope?

    Cape Town
19.  On October 12th 1492, which explorer finally made land in the Bahamas, believing at the time that he had found an alternative route to the East Indies?

    Christopher Columbus (Cristoforo Colombo)