# BusinessBalls — Full Article Index

> Every article on BusinessBalls.com, grouped by topic. 536 articles across 34 topics.
> For a summary and when-to-use guidance, see /llms.txt

## About BusinessBalls

Category index: /about/

- /about/code-of-conduct-for-content/: Code of Conduct for Content — The BB Code of Conduct for Content on the site.
- /about/code-of-conduct/: Code of Conduct — Read our code of conduct for BusinessBalls.com.
- /about/contact/: Contact Us — How to contact BusinessBalls by email or post, and where to go for training, qualifications and learning platforms.
- /about/content-providing/: Content Contribution — Use this form to directly contact the BB and Accipio team with ideas or content you may have to offer the site. Always open to suggestions and offers.
- /about/cookie-policy-info-and-security/: Cookie Policy and Security — How BusinessBalls uses cookies and local storage — Google AdSense advertising cookies, consent management, and how to control your preferences.
- /about/free-resources-summary/: Free Leadership Resources: Index — A summary of all of our free downloadable diagrams, questionnaires, tools, templates, infographics or other resources for work and lifestyle education.
- /about/privacy-statement/: Privacy Statement — Read the BusinessBalls privacy statement — what data we collect, how we use it, your rights under UK GDPR.
- /about/terms-of-use/: Terms of Use — Terms of use for BusinessBalls.com. This includes issues such as copyright and republishing, along with other privacy and intellectual property rights.
- /about/the-c30-framework/: The C30 Framework — About Us: The C30 Framework | BusinessBalls: Leadership, Compliance, Soft Skills Training

## Amusement and Stress Relief

Category index: /amusement-stress-relief/

- /amusement-stress-relief/aesops-fables/: Collection of Aesop's Fables — Aesop's fables all contain timeless advice for life and all have a strong moral lesson, conveyed through stories mostly centred around talking animals.
- /amusement-stress-relief/air-traffic-controllers-funny-quotes/: Air Traffic Controller Funny Quotes — Funny, amusing and light–hearted quotes and conversation from (allegedly) real conversations between air traffic controllers and pilots.
- /amusement-stress-relief/alternative-dalai-lama-personality-test/: Dalai Lama Personality Test — The 'Dalai Lama' personality test (nothing to do with the Dalai Lama) began in the early 2000s and is a fun personality test (though it is not accurate).
- /amusement-stress-relief/books-for-training-self-development-language-and-inspirational-ideas/: Books for Training & Self–Development — A short list of books which may be helpful to you for self–development, language, inspirational ideas or other lifestyle and business topics.
- /amusement-stress-relief/cosmology-and-the-universe/: Cosmology and the Universe — Explanation of cosmology, the universe and potentially everything.
- /amusement-stress-relief/courtroom-gaffes/: Courtroom Gaffes — A selection of (allegedly) real courtroom quotes, questions, conversations, statements and general gaffes.
- /amusement-stress-relief/cybernetics/: Cybernetics — An overview of the concept of cybernetics, and how it is impacting the modern world.
- /amusement-stress-relief/desiderata-inspirational-poem-and-history/: Desiderata by Max Ehrmann, The Poem and Meaning — Desiderata – an inspirational poem by Max Ehrmann. The text, alleged myths surrounding it - some trivia about the creation and use – Desiderata Copyright
- /amusement-stress-relief/ditloids/: Ditloids — Ditloids puzzles provide an easy source of materials for organisational development, team building exercises, team building games and quizzes.
- /amusement-stress-relief/do-not-stand-at-my-grave-and-weep/: Poem: Do not Stand at my Grave and Weep — Mary Frye's (attributed) famous inspirational poem, prayer, and bereavement verse.
- /amusement-stress-relief/domino-magic-trick/: Domino Magic Trick — This is a variation of a famous domino magic trick which over the years has appeared in different forms.
- /amusement-stress-relief/ethical-questions/: Ethical Debate Questions and Conundrums — Ethical conundrums and debate questions, to test your personal ethics, moral judgement and values. See what your definition and meaning of ethics is here!
- /amusement-stress-relief/ethics-exercises/: Ethics Exercises — Ethical exercises for debates, discussion, and individual and team development.
- /amusement-stress-relief/family-fortunes-funny-wrong-answers/: Family Fortunes Funny Wrong Answers — Real and funny answers to questions on the popular quiz show known as Family Fortunes in the UK, and Family Feud in the US.
- /amusement-stress-relief/fantasticat/: Fantasticat — Fantasticat is a concept for teaching and learning mainly for children, but grown–ups as well – to identify and express their personal talent and potential.
- /amusement-stress-relief/free-posters-motivational-inspirational-funny/: Free Inspirational Posters (1) — Free poster designs – motivational, inspirational, funny and more – for work, home, education and fun.
- /amusement-stress-relief/free-posters-page-2-inspirational-quotes/: Free Inspirational Quotes (2) — A second set of free posters – motivation, inspirational, funny, and more – for work, home, education and fun.
- /amusement-stress-relief/free-trivia-questions-and-puzzles-answers-for-team-building-games-and-quizzes/: Trivia and Puzzles for Team Building — Free trivia questions, lateral thinking puzzles, and answers to both for team building games, quizzes, or general fun and education.
- /amusement-stress-relief/funny-letters-to-a-council/: Unbelievable Letters to Islington Council — Some funny, and allegedly real quotes from letters to the Islington Council Housing Department.
- /amusement-stress-relief/funny-videos-for-amusement-and-activities/: Funny Videos — Funny videos from TV shows and the internet which can be used for teaching and training, learning discussions and team–working.
- /amusement-stress-relief/games-tricks-puzzles-and-warm-ups-for-groups/: Games, Puzzles and Group Warm Ups — Free trivia questions, lateral thinking puzzles and exercises for group activities, team building and warm ups.
- /amusement-stress-relief/how-to-juggle-and-spin-plates/: How to Juggle and Spin Plates — Juggling, and the act of learning how to juggle, both provide numerous team-building and motivational opportunities in business or other contexts.
- /amusement-stress-relief/how-to-make-a-baking-foil-horse-pics-and-instructions/: How to Make a Baking Foil Horse — Detailed instructions on how to make a model horse (and giraffe) from a sheet of baking foil. Invaluable information!
- /amusement-stress-relief/ideas-for-prizes-awards-and-gifts/: Ideas for Prizes, Awards and Gifts — Ideas for items that you could use as a gift, award or a prize for friends, family, colleagues or strangers.
- /amusement-stress-relief/if-the-inspirational-poem-by-rudyard-kipling/: If: Rudyard Kipling's Inspirational Poem — Rudyard Kipling's 1909 poem If, from his collection 'Rewards and Fairies'. The poem is inspirational, motivational and a set of rules for 'grown–up' living.
- /amusement-stress-relief/insurance-claims-forms-gaffes/: Bizarre Insurance Claims — Funny quotes and citations from insurance claims throughout the years.
- /amusement-stress-relief/intelligent-buildings-and-intelligent-homes/: Intelligent Buildings and Intelligent Homes — Building Management Systems (BMS) encompasses an enormous variety of technologies, across commercial, industrial, institutional and domestic buildings.
- /amusement-stress-relief/money-slang/: Money Slang — Money Slang terms, their history, and when/where you are likely to hear them.
- /amusement-stress-relief/murphys-plough-positive-thinking-story/: Murphys Plough: A Story of Positive Thinking — The Murphy's Plough story of positive thinking. Always keep your head up!
- /amusement-stress-relief/puns-and-double-meanings/: Puns and Double–Meanings — Clever and funny puns – both new and old, classic and corny – for amusement, wordplay trivia and general curiosity.
- /amusement-stress-relief/puzzles-and-conundrums-more-complex/: Puzzles and Conundrums — Some complex puzzles and conundrums to encourage lateral thinking and logic. Useful for team building, motivation and mental warm–ups.
- /amusement-stress-relief/quotes-inspirational-motivational/: Inspirational and Motivational Quotes — Quotes about life, work, leadership, self–development, and more. Can be used for speeches, letters, self–motivation, and more.
- /amusement-stress-relief/quotes-maxims-rules-amusing-extracts/: Quotes — Funny, light–hearted, inspirational and motivational quotes – designed for stress relief and entertainment in work and at home.
- /amusement-stress-relief/real-ale-business-markets-lifestyle-lessons/: Real Ale: Business, Markets and Lifestyle Lessons — An insight into the world of real ale brewing – the lessons the brewery industry can teach us about business, markets, culture and quality, and ourselves.
- /amusement-stress-relief/resources/: Amusement and Stress Relief Resources — Free downloadable quizzes, mental tests, and games for stress relief, team-building, and amusement.
- /amusement-stress-relief/rocks-in-a-bucket-story/: Rocks in a Bucket Story — A light–hearted story about how to manage your time through planning for large, important tasks, ahead of smaller ones.
- /amusement-stress-relief/role-playing-and-role-play-games-process-and-tips/: Role Playing Processes and Tips — Role playing games, ideas and theory for employee training, motivation, team building and development.
- /amusement-stress-relief/scrambled-words-examples-for-language-communications-and-brain-training/: Language Recognition Theory — Scrambled, jumbled words, illusions, and language recognition theory.
- /amusement-stress-relief/shadow-optical-illusion/: Shadow Optical Illusion — This incredible optical illusion tricks the brain into seeing colours as the brain thinks they should be, rather than as they actually are.
- /amusement-stress-relief/stories-analogies-and-fables/: Stories, analogies and fables — Stories, analogies and fables with BusinessBalls.com. Illustrations and analogies for motivation, inspiration, learning and training.
- /amusement-stress-relief/tree-swing-cartoon-pictures-early-versions/: Early Tree Swing Cartoons — The light–hearted tree swing cartoon, for training, presentations or team–building exercises.
- /amusement-stress-relief/tree-swing-cartoons-new-versions/: Tree Swing Cartoons — Modern takes on the classic tree swing cartoon, for presentations, training or team building.
- /amusement-stress-relief/universal-love-poem-send-it-to-someone-you-love/: Universal Love Poem — The inspirational love poem from Maria Hennings Hunt – this can mean a lot of different things to a lot of different people.
- /amusement-stress-relief/weakest-link-funny-1-answers/: Weakest Link Funny Answers (1) — The first collection of real, funny and very wrong answers from the British game show The Weakest Link.
- /amusement-stress-relief/weakest-link-funny-2-answers/: Weakest Link Funny Answers (2) — The second set of real, funny and very wrong answers from the British game show The Weakest Link.
- /amusement-stress-relief/weakest-link-funny-answers-and-correct-answers/: Weakest Link Funny Answers — The correct answers to the Weakest Link question gaffes, collected over years of terrible game show contestants.

## Blog

Category index: /blog/

- /blog/2026-05-25-three-questions-before-you-add-another-okr/: Three questions to ask before you add another OKR — OKRs are a planning tool, not a productivity tool. If you're tempted to add another, run it through these three filters first — most won't survive.
- /blog/2026-05-26-the-meeting-that-could-have-been-an-email-and-the-email-that-should-have-been-a-meeting/: The meeting that could have been an email — and the email that should have been a meeting — We've been told for a decade to fight meeting bloat. But the opposite mistake — pushing a real conversation into a Slack thread — is now doing more damage to teams than the meetings ever did.
- /blog/2026-05-27-welcome-to-the-businessballs-blog/: Welcome to the BusinessBalls Blog — We're launching a short-form blog to sit alongside our 525+ articles — covering practical leadership, the messy bits of management, and what we're seeing in workplaces right now.
- /blog/2026-05-28-when-your-best-performer-becomes-your-worst-headache/: When your best performer becomes your worst headache — What to do when a top performer turns difficult — why the usual management instinct backfires, and how to have the conversation that actually shifts things.
- /blog/2026-06-01-the-time-diary-youd-never-want-to-read/: The time diary you'd never want to read — Research has repeatedly shown that managers wildly misperceive how they spend their time — and the gap between belief and reality explains a lot about why work feels out of control.
- /blog/2026-06-04-managing-up-without-the-slime/: Managing up without the slime — Managing up has a reputation problem — but the alternative isn't integrity, it's just being quietly mismanaged by your own boss.
- /blog/2026-06-04-stop-using-the-feedback-sandwich/: Stop using the feedback sandwich — The positive-negative-positive feedback structure feels considerate but consistently fails to land the message — and the person it protects most is the manager giving it.
- /blog/2026-06-04-your-1-to-1s-are-status-reports-in-disguise/: Your 1:1s are status reports in disguise — Most managers run 1:1s as informal catch-ups about task progress — which wastes the one meeting format designed specifically for the human side of management.
- /blog/2026-06-05-in-defence-of-management-by-walking-around/: In defence of management by walking around — The most dismissed management technique of the 1980s solved a problem most managers still have today: they only hear what people decide to tell them in meetings.
- /blog/2026-06-07-when-your-best-person-becomes-your-hardest-problem/: When your best person becomes your hardest problem — High performers don't get worse all at once. They get worse gradually, and managers let them — because the output is still good and the conversation feels ungrateful.
- /blog/2026-06-07-when-your-team-stops-arguing-start-worrying/: When your team stops arguing, start worrying — Culture doesn't rot loudly. The first warning sign isn't conflict — it's the quiet disappearance of disagreement, and most managers mistake it for harmony.
- /blog/2026-06-10-the-feedback-sandwich-is-cowardice-with-structure/: The feedback sandwich is cowardice with structure — The feedback sandwich doesn't spare your team member's feelings — it spares yours. And the person on the receiving end almost always knows it.
- /blog/2026-06-11-the-1-1-that-became-a-status-meeting/: The 1:1 that became a status meeting — Most managers hold regular 1:1s. Most of those 1:1s have quietly drifted from development conversations into project updates — and nobody on either side noticed it happen.
- /blog/2026-06-12-the-burnout-signals-managers-miss-until-its-too-late/: The burnout signals managers miss until it's too late — Burnout rarely announces itself. By the time someone names it, you've missed three months of visible signals — here's what to actually look for.
- /blog/2026-06-13-when-your-best-person-starts-becoming-your-hardest-problem/: When your best person starts becoming your hardest problem — High performers who turn difficult aren't broken — they're usually telling you something. The question is whether you listen before they leave.
- /blog/2026-06-14-what-most-teams-get-wrong-about-okrs/: What most teams get wrong about OKRs — OKRs promise strategic focus. In practice, they often produce sandbagging, quarterly admin, and the illusion of alignment rather than the real thing.
- /blog/2026-06-15-youre-not-really-delegating-if-you-still-own-every-decision/: You're not really delegating if you still own every decision — Most delegation fails not because the wrong person got the work, but because the manager handed over the task and quietly kept every meaningful choice.
- /blog/2026-06-17-how-to-manage-up-without-making-your-manager-feel-managed/: How to manage up without making your manager feel managed — Managing up is one of the most valuable career skills nobody teaches explicitly. Done clumsily, it looks political. Done well, it's almost invisible.
- /blog/2026-06-18-the-1-on-1-meeting-trap-experienced-managers-fall-into/: The 1:1 trap experienced managers fall into — Most managers run 1:1s as status-update meetings dressed in pastoral clothing. They feel productive, satisfy both parties, and change nothing.
- /blog/2026-06-20-most-managers-are-good-at-the-job-description-and-bad-at-the-job/: Most managers are good at the job description and bad at the job — The ceremonial version of management — 1:1s, reviews, strategy days — is what gets evaluated. The real job is messier, more human, and almost never measured.
- /blog/2026-06-21-when-your-best-performer-becomes-your-most-difficult-one/: When your best performer becomes your most difficult one — The high performer who turns difficult isn't a personality problem — they're a signal. Most managers respond to the symptoms and miss the message entirely.
- /blog/2026-06-22-okrs-dont-fail-because-your-team-isnt-ambitious-enough/: OKRs don't fail because your team isn't ambitious enough — Most OKR implementations look healthy on paper and are broken by week six. The problem isn't ambition — it's the structural contradictions nobody mentions in the rollout.
- /blog/2026-06-25-when-nobody-pushes-back-in-meetings-thats-not-consensus/: When nobody pushes back in meetings, that's not consensus — it's a warning sign — A room full of nodding heads feels like alignment. It often isn't. Here's what silence in your meetings is actually telling you about your team.
- /blog/2026-07-06-your-1-1s-have-quietly-become-status-meetings/: Your 1:1s have quietly become status meetings — and that's your fault, not theirs — Most managers hold regular 1:1s and believe they're developing their people. Most of them are wrong. Here's the pattern, and how to break it.
- /blog/2026-07-07-the-early-warnings-of-burnout-your-team-is-already-sending/: The early warnings of burnout your team is already sending — Burnout doesn't present as exhaustion first. It starts quietly, wearing the face of attitude shifts and smaller ambitions. Here's what to look for.
- /blog/2026-07-08-when-your-best-performer-becomes-your-hardest-conversation/: When your best performer becomes your hardest conversation — High performers who start behaving badly are rarely just being difficult — they're signalling something. Here's how to read it before you lose them.
- /blog/2026-07-11-the-half-of-radical-candour-that-most-managers-quietly-dropped/: The half of Radical Candour that most managers quietly dropped — Most managers absorbed Radical Candour as licence to be blunt. The Care axis is just as important as the Challenge axis — and most have stopped doing it.
- /blog/2026-07-15-if-your-team-hits-all-their-okrs-something-has-gone-wrong/: If your team hits all their OKRs, something has gone wrong — Achieving every OKR is not success — it's a sign the targets were set wrong. Here's what OKRs are actually for, and why most teams use them backwards.
- /blog/2026-08-03-the-time-management-advice-that-makes-managers-worse/: The time management advice that makes managers worse — Deep work blocks, inbox zero, Pomodoro — these techniques are built for individual contributors. Applied by managers, they turn unavailability into a productivity strategy.
- /blog/2026-08-04-what-gets-left-unsaid-in-1-1s-and-whos-responsible-for-that/: What gets left unsaid in 1:1s — and who's responsible for that — Most 1:1s are status meetings with a softer name. That's not a scheduling problem — it's a signal problem, and it's the manager's fault to fix.
- /blog/2026-08-08-the-signals-your-team-is-heading-for-trouble-and-why-youre-explaining-them-away/: The signals your team is heading for trouble — and why you're explaining them away — Teams rarely collapse suddenly. They deteriorate quietly, with signals most managers attribute to something else until it's six months too late.
- /blog/2026-08-26-when-your-best-person-becomes-your-biggest-problem/: When your best person becomes your biggest problem — High performers who turn difficult rarely do so randomly. There's usually a reason — and it usually sits closer to the manager than the manager wants to admit.

## Business Development and Continuous Improvement

Category index: /business-development/

- /business-development/13-sales-techniques/: 13 Sales Techniques — 13 Sales Techniques that help you excel in the art of sales, and to never miss out on a deal again.
- /business-development/advertising-tips-and-secrets/: Advertising Tips and Secrets — A full handbook to marketing, strategic business planning, advertising, and promotion, with examples, templates and more in our comprehensive guide.
- /business-development/buying-techniques/: Buying Techniques — Buying strategy and techniques framework for professional buyers and purchasing management in business and organisations.
- /business-development/cold-calling-techniques/: Cold Calling Techniques and Method — Cold calling tips and techniques which work better, advanced methods with examples for modern, effective, pain–free sales, selling and sales training.
- /business-development/crm-customer-relationship-management/: Customer Relationship Management (CRM) — CRM: Customer Relationship Management, applications and strategy, solutions, software free guide, modern CRM techniques at a glance.
- /business-development/customer-prospect-priority-matrix/: Customer Prospect Priority Matrix — Downloadable customer prospect priority matrix. Use this to prioritise your customer or prospect investment and development activity.
- /business-development/customer-service-code-of-practice-and-role-development/: Customer Service — Customer service, support and skills guide, standards and customer service code of practice, complaints handling tips and poor customer service case study.
- /business-development/five-key-factors-successful-selling/: Five Key Aspects of Successful Selling — Five key methods for successful selling (from validated research), plus sales management ideas, techniques and methods for improvement.
- /business-development/franchising-business-buying-guide/: Franchising Business — A simple guide to buying a franchise – either small or large. Information on selecting opportunities, franchises for sale, and franchising tips.
- /business-development/how-to-use-influencers-to-market-your-product/: How to use Influencers to Market your Product — This informative piece explores how a business can use online influencers to improve its marketing and sales.
- /business-development/introduction-to-ansoff-s-product-market-mix/: Introduction to Ansoff's Product/Market Mix — Ansoff's Product/Market Mix is a crucial tool for helping organisations to grow, strategise and market their products. Learn more here.
- /business-development/introductory-sales-letters/: Introductory Sales Letters — Free samples of sales introduction for inventions submissions, sales appointments, plus other examples and templates.
- /business-development/market-development-process-sales/: Market Development Process for Sales — A brief eleven step process for business growth via new products and services delivered to both new and old customers. Click here to gain sales knowledge!
- /business-development/monthly-sales-report/: Monthly Sales Report — Free and downloadable monthly sales report templates from BusinessBalls to help with conducting professional reports.
- /business-development/plan-do-check-act/: The Plan–Do–Check–Act (PDCA) Cycle — Plan–Do–Check–Act (PDCA), also known as the Deming Wheel is an iterative framework used in quality control and continuous improvement.
- /business-development/resources/: Business Development Resources — Free downloadable templates, e-books, and tools for sales, business development, and customer relationship planning.
- /business-development/responding-to-customer-complaints/: Responding to Customer Complaints — A guide to writing and responding to complaints letters, general customer service training and management guide, standards and principles.
- /business-development/sales-activator-training-and-development-games-system/: Sales Activator Training — Guide to the remarkable new Sales Activator sales training and development system, plus free training and development resources, materials and games.
- /business-development/sales-training-and-selling-theories/: Sales Training, Methods, Theories and Tips — Comprehensive sales training, techniques and theories, with full methods, examples, templates and glossaries. Read this to sell everything more effectively.
- /business-development/sharon-drew-morgen-buying-facilitation/: Buying Facilitation — Sharon Drew Morgen's Buying Facilitation selling techniques: free training tools, techniques and theory for management, sales, communications and training.
- /business-development/small-business-start-ups-lessons-from-the-third-world/: Business Start-Ups: Lessons from Emerging Markets — How to start a small business – inspirational lessons and ideas from the third world – including microfinance and microloans.

## Business Finance

Category index: /business-finance/

- /business-finance/actual-costs/: Actual Costs — Downloadable diagram of actual total cost. Whether buying or selling, price is only a part of the actual total cost. Use this to calculate the full picture.
- /business-finance/creating-a-corporate-budget/: Creating a Corporate Budget — A corporate budget enables a company to track financial progress over a period. This process is crucial to the financial success of your organisation.
- /business-finance/financial-terms-and-ratios/: Financial Terms and Ratios — Free online financial terms dictionary and financial ratios definitions.
- /business-finance/getting-value-for-money-vfm/: Getting Value for Money — Getting Value for Money is a crucial consideration for every business. Learn how to implement the Four Es to get a better return on investment.
- /business-finance/profit-and-loss-templates/: Free Profit and Loss Templates — Downloadable templates of profit and loss statements. These resources will help to manage trading accounts and financial standings using an easy format.

## Change Management

Category index: /change-management/

- /change-management/8-step-change-model-kotter/: Kotter's 8–Step Change Model — John Kotter, thought–leader in business, management and change, outlined an 8–Step Change Model to create lasting transformations within an organisation.
- /change-management/formula-for-change/: Beckhard–Harris Change Equation (Formula for Change) — The Beckhard–Harris Change Equation analyses the potential success or failure of a change initiative within the workplace.
- /change-management/kirtons-adaptation-innovation-theory/: Kirton's Adaptation–Innovation Theory (KAI) — Kirton's Adaptation–Innovation Theory describes a continuum of cognitive styles and approaches to problem–solving, from high adaptation to high innovation.
- /change-management/kotter-8-steps-leading-change-quiz/: Kotter's 8 Steps for Leading Change: Interactive Quiz — Test your knowledge of John Kotter's 8-Step Process for Leading Change — from establishing urgency to anchoring new behaviours in organisational culture.
- /change-management/kotters-change-model/: Kotter's Change Management Model — Find out more about effectively managing organisational change using the 8-Step Model of Successful Change developed by Harvard professor John Kotter
- /change-management/kubler-ross-change-curve-quiz/: Kübler-Ross Change Curve: Interactive Quiz — Test your understanding of the Kübler-Ross Change Curve — from naming each stage to applying the model in real workplace change scenarios.
- /change-management/leading-your-team-through-change-a-practical-guide/: Leading Your Team Through Change: A Practical Guide for Managers — A practical guide for managers on leading teams through organisational change — covering communication, resistance, trust, and the emotional stages people go through.
- /change-management/lewin-force-field-analysis-quiz/: Lewin's Force Field Analysis: Interactive Quiz — Test your knowledge of Kurt Lewin's Force Field Analysis — driving and restraining forces, equilibrium, unfreeze-change-refreeze, and applied change scenarios.
- /change-management/organisational-change-training-and-learning/: Organisational Change, Training and Learning Facts — Principles of modern change management, employee training and development – facts, tips and explanations.
- /change-management/personal-change-stages-john-fisher/: John Fisher's Personal Change Stages — John Fisher's model of personal change is an excellent analysis of how individuals deal with personal change.

## Coaching and Mentoring

Category index: /coaching-and-mentoring/

- /coaching-and-mentoring/achieve-model/: ACHIEVE Model: Coaching and Mentoring Tool — The ACHIEVE Model is a useful coaching and mentoring tool to provide greater flexibility and achievability to the goal–setting and problem–solving stages.
- /coaching-and-mentoring/clear-model/: CLEAR Model: a Coaching and Mentoring Tool — CLEAR is a coaching tool outlining a step-by-step process which can be utilised to enhance team performance or deal with personal and professional issues.
- /coaching-and-mentoring/coaching-life-and-personal/: A Career in Coaching: Life and Personal — An overview of the coaching profession - its benefits, necessary skills required, key principles, challenges and advice on how to start a career in coaching.
- /coaching-and-mentoring/cognitive-behavioural-coaching/: Cognitive Behavioural Coaching (CBC) — Cognitive behavioural coaching is a coaching technique used to enable those restricted by emotional or psychological barriers to reach their goals.
- /coaching-and-mentoring/emergent-knowledge-david-grove/: Grove's Emergent Knowledge Theory — David Grove's Emergent Knowledge therapeutic methodology background, techniques, relevance to coaching, counselling, and management practices.
- /coaching-and-mentoring/grow-four-step-model/: GROW Model — GROW is a simple four-step model for structuring coaching and mentoring sessions. It can be used as a framework for goal-setting and problem-solving.
- /coaching-and-mentoring/grow-model-coaching-quiz/: The GROW Model of Coaching: Interactive Quiz — Test your knowledge of the GROW coaching model — Goal, Reality, Options, Will — popularised by Sir John Whitmore in Coaching for Performance.
- /coaching-and-mentoring/herons-six-categories-of-intervention/: Heron's Six Categories of Coaching Intervention — John Heron's Six Categories of Intervention serve as a framework for resolving issues with performance on a certain task within the workplace.
- /coaching-and-mentoring/how-to-be-a-good-mentor-a-practical-guide-for-workplace-mentors/: How to Be a Good Mentor: A Practical Guide for Workplace Mentors — Mentoring at work is not coaching, friendship, or casual advice over coffee. How to structure the relationship, stay useful, and avoid the traps most mentors fall into.
- /coaching-and-mentoring/kirkpatrick-evaluation-method/: Kirkpatrick Evaluation Method — Donald Kirkpatrick's Four Levels of Learning evaluation model comprises of reaction, learning, behaviour and results.
- /coaching-and-mentoring/oscar-model-of-coaching/: OSCAR Model: a Coaching and Mentoring Tool — The OSCAR model is a valuable tool for providing a framework for individuals in managerial positions to develop the skills and knowledge of their team.
- /coaching-and-mentoring/resources/: Coaching and Mentoring Resources — Free downloadable templates, assessment tools, and training evaluation forms for coaching and mentoring practice.
- /coaching-and-mentoring/stepppa-coaching/: STEPPPA Model: a Coaching and Mentoring Tool — STEPPPA is a coaching framework, emphasising the role of emotions in motivation, problem-solving and goal-setting. Find out more about how to use it here.
- /coaching-and-mentoring/the-manager-as-coach/: The Manager as Coach: Using Coaching Conversations in Everyday Management — Most managers default to telling. This practical guide shows how to shift towards a coaching approach in day-to-day conversations — and when not to bother.
- /coaching-and-mentoring/three-test-behavioural-training-templates/: Three-Test Behavioural Training Templates — Three-test behavioural evaluation templates for before and after training. Evaluate levels of self-awareness, self-management, communication and other skills.
- /coaching-and-mentoring/training-and-development/: Training and Development — An exploration and discussion of the importance of training and development to organisational progress.
- /coaching-and-mentoring/training-certificate-template/: Training Certificate Template — Free Training Certificate Templates made by BusinessBalls.
- /coaching-and-mentoring/training-or-learning/: Training or Learning for Employee Development — Read here about modern principles of effective training, learning and development, plus policy structure and examples with training manuals and templates.
- /coaching-and-mentoring/training-programme-evaluation/: Training Programme Evaluation — Evaluation of learning, training and development programmes and courses, plus free materials, samples, examples for personal and organisational development.
- /coaching-and-mentoring/visual-aids-and-props-ideas/: Visual Aids and Props Ideas — Ideas for objects or props to use during presentations, public speaking, school assemblies, and any other time.
- /coaching-and-mentoring/what-is-coaching-article/: What is Coaching? — Coaching is one of the most important tools in the arsenal of any leader. It can be used for both personal and professional development – find out how here.
- /coaching-and-mentoring/workshops-format-and-how-to-run/: Formatting and Running Workshops — Free workshop formats, guidelines, design methods and tips. Read here for how to plan the most effective workshop to maximise commitment and empowerment!

## Collaboration and Sharing Best Practice

Category index: /collaboration-and-sharing-best-practice/

- /collaboration-and-sharing-best-practice/the-psychological-contract/: The Psychological Contract — The Psychological Contract – theory explanation, models and diagrams, definitions and examples of the psychological contract in organisations and management.

## Communication

Category index: /communication-skills/

- /communication-skills/active-listening-quiz/: Active Listening: Interactive Quiz — Test your knowledge of active listening techniques, barriers, and application — 10 questions from recall to real-world scenario analysis.
- /communication-skills/active-listening/: Active Listening Techniques and Tips — Active listening definition, ways to improve skills and practice the art of listening, not hearing. Tips for showing attention and understanding found here!
- /communication-skills/body-language/: Body Language — Body Language | BusinessBalls: Leadership, Compliance, Soft Skills Training
- /communication-skills/clean-language-david-grove-questioning-method/: Clean Language — David Grove's Clean Language methodology for effective communications – theory, examples, management, counselling, parenting and relationships.
- /communication-skills/difficult-conversations-at-work/: Difficult Conversations at Work: a Practical Framework for Managers — How to prepare for and run difficult conversations at work — covering performance, feedback, and conflict — a practical guide for working managers.
- /communication-skills/leadership-and-language-effective-communication/: Leadership, Language and Communication — Rohan Choudhury explores the subtleties of language and communication with regards to leadership.
- /communication-skills/meetings-how-to-plan-and-run-meetings/: Meetings: How to Plan and Run Meetings — Here are some basic rules, tips and techniques for planning and running a business or corporate meeting. Meetings are vital for management and communication.
- /communication-skills/mehrabians-communication-theory-verbal-non-verbal-body-language/: Mehrabian's Communication Theory — Albert Mehrabian's non–verbal communications research showing percentage of meaning conveyed in words, the way the words are said and facial expressions.
- /communication-skills/presentation-skills-and-techniques/: Presentation Skills, Tips and Techniques — Learn how to give clear and successful presentations. Presentations skills training guide - how to create and give successful presentations.
- /communication-skills/the-power-of-storytelling/: The Power of Storytelling — Course: The Power of Storytelling | BusinessBalls: Leadership, Compliance, Soft Skills Training
- /communication-skills/writing-technique-general/: Writing Technique — How to develop your writing technique to communicate clearly and effectively. How to write letters, cover letters and business reports, and more.

## Conflict Negotiation and Influencing

Category index: /conflict-negotiation-and-influencing/

- /conflict-negotiation-and-influencing/difficult-conversations-at-work-a-step-by-step-framework/: Difficult Conversations at Work: A Step-by-Step Framework — Most difficult conversations get delayed until they become crises. This practical guide gives managers a repeatable framework for having them earlier, better, and with less dread.
- /conflict-negotiation-and-influencing/how-to-negotiate/: How to Negotiate for Salary, Sales and more — Negotiation skills and techniques for salary, debt, sales and contracts, negotiating with creditors, and when not to negotiate.
- /conflict-negotiation-and-influencing/influencing-without-authority-a-practical-guide-for-managers/: Influencing Without Authority: a Practical Guide for Managers — How to get work done through peers, stakeholders and people who do not report to you — a practical guide to influencing without formal authority.
- /conflict-negotiation-and-influencing/managing-and-curating-your-network/: Managing and Curating Your Network — Course: Managing and Curating Your Network | BusinessBalls: Leadership, Compliance, Soft Skills Training
- /conflict-negotiation-and-influencing/networking/: Business Networking – Tips, Tricks, and Techniques — Networking at events, groups or online? Read here for the benefits and advantages of networking, elevator pitches, targeting and more.

## Delegation and Empowerment

Category index: /delegation-and-empowerment/

- /delegation-and-empowerment/9-steps-to-successful-delegation/: 9 Steps to Successful Delegation — Develop your delegation skills through our comprehensive 9 step process for determining how to delegate most effectively and to whom.
- /delegation-and-empowerment/delegating-tannenbaum-and-schmidt-continuum/: Tannenbaum and Schmidt Continuum — Explanation of the Tannenbaum and Schmidt theory and how it can be applied to situational leadership, delegation and empowerment of staff.
- /delegation-and-empowerment/delegation-and-empowerment/: Delegation and Empowerment — In this free course, learn how to delegate appropriately and effectively to reduce your workload whilst empowering and developing your team.
- /delegation-and-empowerment/delegation-premium/: Delegation and Empowerment – Key Differences — Explore delegation and empowerment as alternative concepts to each other – both techniques have advantages to the other in different scenarios.
- /delegation-and-empowerment/delegation-principles/: The Principles of Successful Delegation — The core principles and purpose of delegation, entering emotional and psychological contracts, setting SMART targets - tips on successful delegation.
- /delegation-and-empowerment/delegation/: Delegation That Works — Tips on Delegation of authority and tasks amongst a team – what is delegation, strategies for effective delegation, different levels of delegation.
- /delegation-and-empowerment/empowering-your-team/: Empowering Your Team – How To — Increase the autonomy of your team by empowering them via delegation of tasks to improve their self–confidence and authority – benefits of empowered teams.
- /delegation-and-empowerment/tips-for-successful-delegation/: Tips for Successful Delegation — A short video outlining some tips and techniques which are crucial in developing a successful and effective delegation plan of action for your team.

## Emotional Intelligence

Category index: /emotional-intelligence/

- /emotional-intelligence/charisma/: Charisma: Definitions, Elements, Development — How to develop personal charisma, plus definitions, history, analysis and development of personal charisma and force of character.
- /emotional-intelligence/emotional-freedom-techniques-eft/: Emotional Freedom Techniques — An easy guide to Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT) – a modern approach to personal development and resolving personal problems.
- /emotional-intelligence/emotional-intelligence-eq/: Emotional Intelligence (EQ) — Emotional Intelligence theory, Daniel Goleman's five domains and case studies and examples of the competence framework and tests. Read here for more!
- /emotional-intelligence/empathy/: Empathy, Trust and Types of Listening — Want to know how to build relationships and cultivate empathy and trust? Read about both here, as well as different types of listening to build empathy.
- /emotional-intelligence/four-levels-of-listening/: Four Levels of Listening — Otto Scharmer's 4 Levels of Listening is a simple model for leadership development, and gaining a greater understanding of interactions between people.
- /emotional-intelligence/goleman-emotional-intelligence-quiz/: Goleman's Emotional Intelligence: Interactive Quiz — Test your knowledge of Goleman's 5-domain EQ model — Self-Awareness, Self-Regulation, Motivation, Empathy, and Social Skills — and its application to leadership.
- /emotional-intelligence/goleman-s-5-elements-of-eq1/: Goleman's 5 Elements of EQ — Goleman's 5 Elements of EQ
- /emotional-intelligence/graphology-handwriting-analysis/: Graphology: Handwriting Analysis — Graphology and handwriting analysis – how graphology experts analyse handwriting to infer information about the writer.
- /emotional-intelligence/neuro-linguistic-programming/: Neuro–Linguistic Programming (NLP) Principles and Techniques — Neuro–Linguistic Programming (NLP) training and theory – a free guide on techniques, principles, definitions and presupposition.
- /emotional-intelligence/transactional-analysis-eric-berne/: Transactional Analysis - Eric Berne — Transactional Analysis, Eric Byrne's main area of interest, can still be used to understand relationships and interactions to this day.

## Environment, Design and Lifestyle

Category index: /lifestyle-environment/

- /lifestyle-environment/environmental-management-and-resources-efficiency/: Environmental Management — Organisational resources management and efficiency information, including energy, waste, transport, fuel; resources efficiency and savings guide.
- /lifestyle-environment/product-design-process-and-tips/: Product Design Process — How to select and manage creative agencies and people, and the creative design management process.

## Equality, Diversity and Inclusion

Category index: /equality-diversity-inclusion/

- /equality-diversity-inclusion/accommodating-autism-in-the-workplace/: Accommodating Autism in the Workplace — Accommodating Autism in the Workplace | BusinessBalls: Leadership, Compliance, Soft Skills Training
- /equality-diversity-inclusion/age-diversity-and-ageism/: Age Diversity and Ageism — Ageism, age diversity, and age discrimination legislation are highly relevant in the workplace setting. Learn about age discrimination and legislation here.
- /equality-diversity-inclusion/an-introduction-to-women-in-leadership/: Introduction to Women in Leadership — This article discusses the underrepresentation of women in leadership and strategies to remedy this gender inequality.
- /equality-diversity-inclusion/benefits-of-equality/: Benefits of Equality — Equality brings innumerable benefits to yourself, the world and the many people around you. Ensure that it is embedded in everything you do.
- /equality-diversity-inclusion/diversity-harnessing-a-rich-mix-graham-williams/: Diversity: Harnessing a Rich Mix — Countries, workplaces and marketplaces are becoming more diverse. This trend will undoubtedly continue, and you should accept and welcome it.
- /equality-diversity-inclusion/equality-in-law/: Equal Opportunity Laws in the UK — Read a description of UK laws on equality in the workplace, and in everyday life. Includes types of discrimination, and protection available from the law.
- /equality-diversity-inclusion/introduction-to-equality-diversity-and-inclusion/: Introduction to Equality, Diversity and Inclusion — Equality, diversity and inclusion – what it means, why it is important and how to live by it in both professional and personal spheres.
- /equality-diversity-inclusion/introduction-to-equality/: Introduction to Equality — Equality in the workplace means providing equal opportunities and fairness for your employees or potential new recruits.
- /equality-diversity-inclusion/love-and-spirituality-in-management-and-business/: Love and Spirituality in Management — Love in business means making decisions and conducting oneself in a way that cares for people and our world.
- /equality-diversity-inclusion/the-business-case-for-communities-of-love-in-our-workplaces-graham-williams/: The Business Case for Communities of Love in the Workplace — "Love is the opposite of fear, the essence of relationships, the core of creativity, the grace of power, an intricate part of who we are."
- /equality-diversity-inclusion/types-of-discrimination/: Types of Discrimination in the Workplace — Discrimination can take multiple forms – ageism, sexism, racism are just a few examples - read more on how to prevent them here.

## Glossaries and Terminology

Category index: /glossaries-and-terminology/

- /glossaries-and-terminology/accents-and-diacritical-marks/: Accents and Diacritical Marks — An explanation of accents and diacritical marks – non–standard characters that change the sound of letters and words.
- /glossaries-and-terminology/acronyms-finder/: Acronyms Finder and Glossary — Free acronyms and abbreviations finder, glossary and definitions: business, training, medical, military, technical, funny and more.
- /glossaries-and-terminology/business-and-management-glossary/: Business Dictionary — A thorough glossary of all words, terms and phrases regarding leadership, business and management.
- /glossaries-and-terminology/cliches-and-expressions-of-origin/: Cliches — Cliches and expressions give us many wonderful figures of speech and words in the English language, as they evolve via use and mis–use alike.
- /glossaries-and-terminology/cockney-rhyming-slang/: Cockney Rhyming Slang — London Cockney rhyming slang, words, expressions, meanings, explanations and origins - Australian and American rhyming slang.
- /glossaries-and-terminology/demographics-classifications/: Demographics classifications — Social grade and demographic classifications – including CACI Acorn classifications from recent UK surveys.
- /glossaries-and-terminology/generational-nicknames-model-theory/: Generational Nicknames: Model and Theory — Generation X, Generation Y, Baby–Boomers, Millennials: what they all mean and why they are relevant to our personalities and traits.
- /glossaries-and-terminology/greek-alphabet/: Greek Alphabet Translations and Pronunciations — A list of the ancient Greek alphabet symbols and letters translated into English, simple, free pronunciation guide and how you can use the Greek Alphabet.
- /glossaries-and-terminology/industrial-classifications-uk-sic-codes/: SIC codes — SIC (Standard Industrial Classification) Codes – 1992, 2003 and 2007.
- /glossaries-and-terminology/language-grammar-and-literary-terms/: Language, Grammar and Literary Terms — A glossary of linguistics, literary and grammatical terms – helpful for writers, speakers, teachers and communicators of all sorts.
- /glossaries-and-terminology/latin-terms-and-phrases-glossary/: Guide to Common Latin Terms and Phrases — A glossary of Latin terms and phrases in law, science, academia, and more. Definitions, origins, translations and usage in modern language.
- /glossaries-and-terminology/management-gurus-and-books-listing/: Management Gurus — Inspirational and motivational books for personal and organisational development, including classic books on management, communication, and self improvement.
- /glossaries-and-terminology/metric-prefixes-table/: Metric Prefixes Glossary — A table of all metrix prefixes: their values, symbols and definitions. Useful for scientists, mathematicians or laymen to understand measures and sizes.
- /glossaries-and-terminology/phonetic-alphabet/: Phonetic Alphabet (NATO) — The international NATO phonetic alphabet and all its letter: Alfa, Beta, Charlie, Delta, Echo, Foxtrot
- /glossaries-and-terminology/video-clips-for-teaching-and-training/: Video Clips for Teaching and Training — Video clips for training, teaching and presentations on the topic of Thought Leadership.

## Health and Wellbeing Training

Category index: /health-and-wellbeing/

- /health-and-wellbeing/dance-history-theory-benefits-dance-teaching/: Dance: History, Theory, Benefits, Teaching — Dance history, definitions, theory, lists of types of dances, and a glossary of dancing terms. For teaching and learning.
- /health-and-wellbeing/diet-and-impact-on-health/: Diet and Impact on Health — Diet and Impact on Health
- /health-and-wellbeing/five-stages-of-grief-elisabeth-kubler-ross/: Five Stages of Grief: Elizabeth Kubler–Ross — Summary and explanation of the Elisabeth Kübler–Ross Grief Cycle and her Stages of Grief: Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, and Acceptance.
- /health-and-wellbeing/how-to-conquer-imposter-syndrome/: How to Conquer Imposter Syndrome in Nine Simple Steps — Ever felt like you're not good enough? As if the work you are doing is beyond you and your abilities? Don't worry, you're not alone.
- /health-and-wellbeing/insomnia-cures-and-ideas-to-help-you-go-to-sleep/: Insomnia: Cures and Techniques to help you get to Sleep — Struggling to get to sleep at night? Here are a few techniques and tips to beat insomnia and help you go to sleep, improving physical and mental wellbeing.
- /health-and-wellbeing/japanese-garden-and-meditation-centre/: Japanese Garden — Buddha Maitreya's relaxation and meditation teaching, tea ceremonies, for groups and individuals, and lovers of beautiful gardens.
- /health-and-wellbeing/life-balance-happiness-and-life-change/: Life Balance — Well–being ideas – how to assess and improve your work–life balance and personal happiness, life–change ideas.
- /health-and-wellbeing/posture-and-workstation-ergonomics/: Posture and Workstation Ergonomics — Back pain is one of the most debilitating issues in the world of work. Free posture and ergonomics techniques for back pain relief and reduction.
- /health-and-wellbeing/reiki-seven-chakras/: Reiki: Seven Chakras — Reiki healing, training and therapy information article; guide to Reiki practitioners, healers and using reiki; how reiki improves life-balance and wellbeing.
- /health-and-wellbeing/singing-personal-and-group-development/: Singing — Singing and how learning to sing improves wellbeing and teamwork, teambuilding, groups, stress relief, singing benefits,

## High Performing Teams

Category index: /high-performing-teams/

- /high-performing-teams/belbin-team-roles-quiz/: Belbin's Team Roles: Interactive Quiz — Test your knowledge of Meredith Belbin's nine team roles — from Plant to Completer Finisher — with this 10-question interactive quiz.
- /high-performing-teams/building-psychological-safety-a-field-guide/: Building Psychological Safety: A Field Guide — A practical manager's guide to building psychological safety at work — what it is, why Google and Harvard research backs it, and what to do on Monday.
- /high-performing-teams/change-management-for-high-performance-teams/: Change Management for High Performance Teams — Leadership expert Ken Thompson examines the importance of comprehensive change management strategies for the development of high performance teams.
- /high-performing-teams/developing-high-performing-teams-video/: Developing High Performance Teams — A short video in which Ken Thompson discusses how to develop high performing teams.
- /high-performing-teams/high-performance-teams/: Building High Performance Teams – How to — 10 evidence-based tips for creating and developing a high–performance team. Maximise your leadership effectiveness today using our free guides.
- /high-performing-teams/leading-high-performance-teams-tips/: Leading High Performance Teams — Ken Thompson gives insights into high-performance teams from a leadership perspective, and shares tips leaders must remember to maximise team performance.
- /high-performing-teams/leading-high-performance-virtual-and-remote-teams/: Leading High Performance and Remote Teams — Leadership expert and coach Ken Thompson begins his video series on high-performance teams by introducing the various forms and the basic concepts to lead.
- /high-performing-teams/resources/: High Performing Teams Resources — Free downloadable team diagnostics, briefing templates, and people-development guides for building high-performing teams.
- /high-performing-teams/team-brief-guidelines/: Team Briefing Guidelines — Guidelines and best practices for running effective team briefings, including structure, frequency, and communication tips.
- /high-performing-teams/the-habits-of-high-performing-teams/: The Habits of High-Performing Teams — Ken Thompson describes the habits of high-performing teams and shares information for leaders on how to develop a team that achieves maximum results.
- /high-performing-teams/the-practices-of-high-performance-teams/: The Practices of High Performance Teams — Ken Thompson discusses the processes and practices employed by high performance teams, and how to integrate these into your own strategies.

## Human Resources (HR) and Recruitment

Category index: /human-resources/

- /human-resources/all-leadership-qualifications/: Aicura: Management Apprenticeships and CMI Leadership Programmes — Experts in delivering impactful CMI accredited leadership and management programmes and apprenticeship to transform people potential.
- /human-resources/bonuses/: Bonuses: Short–Term Incentives — A 'bonus' may be used in several ways, but they require something to have been achieved. Used correctly, it can motivate staff and aid employee retention.
- /human-resources/chartered-manager-programmes-1/: CMI Qualifications and Apprenticeships from Aicura — Aicura by Accipio delivers CMI leadership and management qualifications (Levels 3, 5, 6 and 7) and a range of apprenticeships including Project Management.
- /human-resources/effective-recruitment/: Effective Recruitment – How To — Effective recruitment is cost–effective – getting the right candidate the first time. Read about the process of recruitment and choosing the right applicant
- /human-resources/employment-termination-dismissal-redundancy-letters-templates-and-style/: Employment Termination Letters — Free employment termination, grievance, discipline and appeal hearings letters samples, templates, examples, and guides.
- /human-resources/exit-interviews/: Exit Interview Template and Questions — Struggling to come up with exit interview questions? Free exit interview templates with sample questions, answers, tips, and techniques.
- /human-resources/human-resources-overview/: Human Resources Overview — A general overview of different tips and techniques used in human resources (HR) – interviews, training, development, and appraisals.
- /human-resources/induction-training-checklist/: Induction Training Checklist — Free induction training checklist: simple advice for successfully inducting and integrating new staff into organizations.
- /human-resources/job-descriptions/: Job Descriptions: Templates and Examples — Free job descriptions, person profile templates, and guidelines, with corporate responsibilities and many example descriptions for a wide variety of jobs.
- /human-resources/job-interviews/: Job Interviews: Tips and Techniques — Never miss out on a job again – free job interviews, tough questions and answers, interviews tips and techniques to use or for practice.
- /human-resources/management-apprenticeships-uk-only-apprenticeship-levy-funded-/: Management Apprenticeships | CMI | Levy Funding | L3-L7 | Accipio — Unlock your leadership potential with our apprenticeships. Discover the benefits of management apprenticeships for new or aspiring managers.
- /human-resources/resolving-employment-disputes/: Resolving Employment Disputes — Free employment dispute resolution guide, letters examples, templates, process and UK law guide and global best practice.
- /human-resources/talent-management/: How to Recruit and Retain Talent — How to recognise, recruit and retain talent in your team. Find out about the GROW coaching model and Nine–box grid for managing talent here.
- /human-resources/writing-a-reference-letter/: How to Write Reference Letters (Free Templates) — Follow this guide on writing and requesting employment, character, personal or trade references: free templates and data protection guidelines available.
- /human-resources/writing-effective-job-adverts/: Effective Job Adverts — Job advert writing tips, techniques, templates and examples – including a checklist for the best job adverts and designs for effective recruitment.

## Leadership Styles, Models and Skills

Category index: /leadership-styles/

- /leadership-styles/3-style-model-kurt-lewin/: Kurt Lewin's 3–Style Leadership Model — Authoritarian, Participative and Delegative modes of behaviour form the 3–Style Model of leadership theory from Kurt Lewin.
- /leadership-styles/7-tips-for-leaders/: 7 Tips and Techniques for Leaders — Powerful tips and techniques for effective leadership, why they are relevant and how you can adopt them in your leadership style.
- /leadership-styles/abcds-of-leading-with-trust/: Ken Blanchard: ABCDs of Leading with Trust — The behaviours of trusting individuals are made up of four distinct elements, represented by the letters ABCD: Able, Believable, Connected and Dependable.
- /leadership-styles/action-centred-leadership-john-adair/: John Adair's Action–Centred Leadership Model — The three parts of Adair's model are represented on a diagram by three overlapping circles: task, team and individual, each with managerial responsibilities.
- /leadership-styles/adair-action-centred-leadership-quiz/: Adair's Action-Centred Leadership: Interactive Quiz — Test your knowledge of John Adair's Action-Centred Leadership model — the three overlapping circles of Task, Team, and Individual.
- /leadership-styles/authentic-leadership/: Authentic Leadership — An overview of Authentic Leadership – leading via genuine and clear values – and its applications.
- /leadership-styles/becoming-a-great-leader/: Becoming a Great leader — A video in which business consultant Roselinde Torres describes 25 years of observing truly great leaders at work.
- /leadership-styles/behavioural-leadership-managerial-grid/: The Managerial Grid: Behavioural Leadership — The managerial grid identifies 5 types of leadership behaviours. Find out how to develop your own managerial leadership style here.
- /leadership-styles/blake-mouton-managerial-grid-quiz/: Blake-Mouton Managerial Grid: Interactive Quiz — Test your knowledge of Blake and Mouton's Managerial Grid — the five leadership styles, their grid positions, and when each is likely to succeed or fail.
- /leadership-styles/charismatic-leadership/: Charismatic Leadership — Why charisma is useful for great leadership, examples, risks, and benefits of charismatic and narcissistic leadership, and having 'presence'.
- /leadership-styles/civil-service-leadership-statement/: Civil Service Statement on Leadership — An overview of the Civil Service Leadership Statement. Free online leadership courses provided by Businessballs.com.
- /leadership-styles/confusing-management-for-leadership/: Confusing Management for Leadership — Professor of Leadership John Kotter points out that in today's business world there is too much management and not enough leadership.
- /leadership-styles/contingency-model-fred-fiedler/: Fred Fiedler's Contingency Leadership Model — Fiedler described two basic leadership styles – Task–Orientated and Relationship–Orientated. The most appropriate depends on the situation's favourableness.
- /leadership-styles/distributed-leadership/: Distributed Leadership — Distributed Leadership posits leadership as a concept in which leadership responsibility is distributed throughout the entire organisation.
- /leadership-styles/ethical-leadership/: Ethical Leadership Principles and Examples — Ethical leadership is a relatively loosely defined philosophy of leadership. Read about the principles, definitions, and some example dilemmas of it here.
- /leadership-styles/exemplary-leadership-kouzes-posner/: Kouzes and Posner: 5 Practices of Exemplary Leadership — An overview of Kouzes and Posner's 'Five practices of exemplary leadership' model, showing the behaviours and detail for each practice.
- /leadership-styles/four-frame-model-bolman-deal/: Bolman and Deal: Four Frame Model of Leadership — Bolman and Deal say there are 4 perspectives to organisational problems: structural, human resources, political and symbolic. Using all 4 is most effective.
- /leadership-styles/four-is-transformational-leadership/: Four I's of Transformational Leadership — This leadership style is based around 4 elements: Idealised Influence, Intellectual Stimulation, Individualised Consideration and Inspirational Motivation.
- /leadership-styles/hard-questions-for-an-authentic-life-susan-piver/: Susan Piver: Hard Questions for an Authentic Life — A new approach to self-knowledge and development – hard questions to ask yourself in order to lead an authentic life – from Susan Piver's 2004 book.
- /leadership-styles/hersey-blanchard-situational-leadership-quiz/: Hersey-Blanchard Situational Leadership: Interactive Quiz — Test your understanding of Hersey and Blanchard's Situational Leadership model — matching leadership style to follower development level.
- /leadership-styles/integrated-psychological-leadership/: Integrated Psychological Leadership Models — An overview of existing models of integrated psychological leadership, and James Scouller's three levels of leadership model in detail with diagrams.
- /leadership-styles/introduction-values-driven-leadership/: Introduction to Values-Driven Leadership and Mary Gentile — Values-driven leadership is a framework that stresses the importance of setting clear values that an entire organisation can embody.
- /leadership-styles/jack-welch-traditional-leadership-roles/: Jack Welch: Traditional Leadership Styles — 10 Fundamental Principles of Leadership as described by respected business leader and writer Jack Welch, and his take on how to make things happen.
- /leadership-styles/lead-like-the-great-conductors/: Lead Like The Great Conductors — Itay Talgam demonstrates the styles of great 20th-century musical conductors, illustrating crucial lessons for all leaders, in both business and life.
- /leadership-styles/leadership-behaviour-continuum-tannenbaum-schmidt/: Tannenbaum and Schmidt's Leadership Behaviour Continuum — Robert Tannenbaum and Warren Schmidt's diagram: how a leader should make decisions, with the 3 pressures to be considered - situational, external and inner.
- /leadership-styles/leadership-models-philosophies-styles-definitions-descriptions-terminology/: Leadership: Definitions & Descriptions — Definitions of leadership, descriptions and terminology associated with various leadership roles, styles, philosophies and models.
- /leadership-styles/leadership-philosophies-overview/: Leadership Philosophies: an Overview — An overview of the different philosophical approaches to leadership, including Servant Leadership, Ethical Leadership and Distributed Leadership.
- /leadership-styles/leadership-quotes/: Leadership Quotes — Inspirational and thought–provoking quotes from some of the most powerful thinkers, politicians and leaders of the past and present.
- /leadership-styles/leadership-reading-list/: Leadership Reading List — Leadership reading list - some suggested additional reading to supplement the Leadership training resources available on BusinessBalls.com.
- /leadership-styles/leadership-roles/: Leadership Roles and a Leader's Purpose — Leadership tips and techniques, responsibility vs accountability, sharing leadership, a leader's purpose and more to be learned from this article.
- /leadership-styles/leadership-tips/: Leadership: Tips and Techniques for Success — Leadership development methods and techniques, how to develop your own leadership style, along with key attitudes and behaviours all great leaders possess.
- /leadership-styles/leadership-transformational/: Transformational Leadership – How To — James MacGregor Burns' transformational leadership style is used by leaders with specific (learnable) traits to transform and empower employees.
- /leadership-styles/leadership-vs-management/: Leadership vs. Management Difference — Explore the main differences between Leadership and Management, including styles, models and philosophies.
- /leadership-styles/leadership-without-ego/: Leadership Without Ego — The rarest commodity in management is leadership without ego. Check out Bob Davids' talk at TEDxESCP on the value of selflessness in leadership.
- /leadership-styles/mintzberg-managerial-roles-quiz/: Mintzberg's Managerial Roles: Interactive Quiz — Test your knowledge of Mintzberg's ten managerial roles — interpersonal, informational, and decisional — and how they apply in real management scenarios.
- /leadership-styles/misconceptions-about-leadership/: 10 Things to Avoid as a Successful Leader — Leadership misconceptions and characteristics to avoid as a successful leader. If you ask yourself how to become a good leader these will signpost the way.
- /leadership-styles/mistaking-leadership-for-management/: Mistaking Leadership for Management — From entrepreneurs and start-ups, to experienced businesspeople - individuals always mistake leadership for management. This can be harmful to your results.
- /leadership-styles/narcissistic-leadership/: Narcissistic Leadership — An in–depth look at how to utilise charisma but avoid the impacts of narcissism at work, with full definitions and our narcissistic leadership continuum.
- /leadership-styles/path-goal-theory-robert-house/: Robert House's Path–Goal Leadership Theory — House's Path-Goal theory defines follower and workplace characteristics and matches them with a leadership style best suited to that environment.
- /leadership-styles/qualities-of-a-great-leader/: 6 Qualities of a Great Leader — The vital qualities and attributes of a great leader required to develop your leadership skills, including adaptability, communication, and determination.
- /leadership-styles/reddin-3d-leadership-model/: Reddin's 3D Leadership Model — Bill Reddin defined 4 basic leadership styles, shown in a diagram in 3 dimensions to provide 12 styles of leadership with various effectivenesses.
- /leadership-styles/servant-leadership/: Servant Leadership Theory — What is the servant leadership philosophy? Read here for an overview, with characteristics, examples from popular culture, and definitions.
- /leadership-styles/situational-contingency-model-overview/: Situational/Contingency Leadership Models — An overview of seven different Situational/Contingency models of leadership, their core beliefs and why effective leaders should learn about them.
- /leadership-styles/situational-leadership-model/: Situational Leadership Model: Hersey and Blanchard — An outline of the Situational Leadership® Model explaining its implications and an overview of how you can integrate it as a leader.
- /leadership-styles/sources-of-leadership-power-french-and-raven/: French and Raven: Sources of Leadership Power — An overview of John French and Bertram Raven's alternative leadership philosophy. The theory investigates the basis and sources of a leader's power.
- /leadership-styles/tannenbaum-schmidt-leadership-continuum-quiz/: Tannenbaum-Schmidt Leadership Continuum: Interactive Quiz — Test your knowledge of the Tannenbaum-Schmidt Leadership Continuum — its seven positions, the three forces, and how to apply the model to real leadership scenarios.
- /leadership-styles/task-or-people/: Peter Farey: Task or People Model — A system for mapping Leaders and Managers based on two new dimensions – Task and People - which can be applied to different scenarios and situations.
- /leadership-styles/the-introvert-s-guide-to-succeeding-in-business/: Introvert's Guide to Succeeding in Business — The Introvert's Guide to Succeeding in Business
- /leadership-styles/trait-based-leadership-models-overview/: Trait–Based Leadership Models: An Overview — An overview of trait-based leadership models and how leadership thinking and societal development have evolved over time.
- /leadership-styles/trait-theory-carlyle-and-galton/: Trait Theory: Carlyle and Galton — An overview of the origins of trait-based leadership models outlined by Thomas Carlyle and Francis Galton during the 19th century.
- /leadership-styles/trait-theory-kouzes-posner/: Trait Theory: Kouzes and Posner — The modern trait theory of leadership as outlined by James Kouzes and Barry Posner, who helped to develop the 10 modern attributes of effective leaders.
- /leadership-styles/trait-theory-ralph-stogdill/: Ralph Stogdill - Trait-Based Leadership Theory — Stogdill challenged the traditional trait-based leadership styles and argued that a leader's characteristics must be relevant to the situation's demands.
- /leadership-styles/transactional-leaders/: Transactional Leadership — Transactional Leaders use rewards and punishment to manage, learn about the benefits, flaws and applicability of this technique and how it works here.
- /leadership-styles/transformational-and-transactional-leadership/: Transformational and Transactional Leadership — The differences and similarities between transactional and transformational leadership styles, their strengths, weaknesses and their applications.
- /leadership-styles/values-based-leadership/: Values–Based Leadership — An overview of values–based leadership. How to draw upon the values and vision of your team members to develop inspiration and direction.
- /leadership-styles/what-is-leadership/: What is Leadership? — What is leadership? An introduction to leadership styles, models and philosophies to teach and help develop future and current managers and leaders.

## Leading Teams

Category index: /leading-teams/

- /leading-teams/avoiding-micromanagement/: Avoiding Micromanagement – How To — Micromanagement is an easy trap to fall into as a team manager. Save time and learn how to avoid this by implementing balance, independence and more.
- /leading-teams/birkinshaws-four-dimensions-of-management/: Birkinshaw's Dimensions of Management — Julian Birkinshaw's Four Dimensions of Management – explanation and examples of the traditional and alternative principles of each dimension.
- /leading-teams/build-a-tower-build-a-team/: Build a Tower, Build a Team (Tom Wujec) — Author, professor and fellow at Autodesk, Tom Wujec discusses research into a team-building game known as the "marshmallow problem" and relevance to teams.
- /leading-teams/building-a-collaborative-environment/: How to Build Collaborative Working Environments — The benefits of developing a collaborative working environment are clear. Find out how you can build a collaborative work environment using these tips.
- /leading-teams/building-and-rebuilding-trust/: Building and Rebuilding Trust — Course: Building and Rebuilding Trust | BusinessBalls: Leadership, Compliance, Soft Skills Training
- /leading-teams/building-teams-reading-list/: Building Teams Reading List — A list of further reading on the topic of Team building.
- /leading-teams/building-trust/: Building Trust in the Workplace – How to — Discover the importance and benefits of trust in the workplace and methods that enable its conception and growth among employees and leaders.
- /leading-teams/coaching-your-team/: The Benefits of Team Coaching — Explore the positive impacts coaching from a leader has on team members, external employees and the organisation as a whole - How to coach as a leader.
- /leading-teams/cogs-ladder-george-charrier/: Cog's Ladder Explained — Cog's Ladder explains the 5 stages of the formation of groups. Read the explanation of these stages and how the team leader can facilitate each stage here.
- /leading-teams/common-feedback-mistakes/: Common Feedback Mistakes — 10 common mistakes which you should avoid in order to make feedback run smoothly and is an effective driver of personal development and improvment.
- /leading-teams/creating-a-learning-team/: How to Creating a Learning Team — It is essential for continued success to ensure your team members continue to acquire knowledge and skills over time in a developed learning environment.
- /leading-teams/effective-team-communication/: Tips for Effective Team Communication — Alex Charfen discusses four steps any leader or team member can take to improve communication skills in order to optimise performance and development,
- /leading-teams/emotional-intelligence-in-teams/: Emotional Intelligence in Teams — Emotional intelligence (EQ) can differ between members of your team which can affect performance and relationships and cause tension between employees.
- /leading-teams/group-formation-tuckman/: Forming, Storming, Norming, Performing – Bruce Tuckman — An outline of Bruce Tuckman's Forming–Storming–Norming–Performing model team development. Free diagrams available and a comparison with other models.
- /leading-teams/hybrid-working-a-managers-playbook/: Hybrid Working: A Manager's Playbook — Hybrid working doesn't fail because of technology — it fails because managers don't adapt their behaviour. A practical guide to making hybrid teams actually work.
- /leading-teams/identifying-team-member-strengths/: How to Identify Team Members' Strengths — Identifying the strengths of yourself and your team members can help you with deciding how to delegate most successfully and get more out of your team.
- /leading-teams/james-davis-building-trust/: Building Trust (James David) — Business psychologist James Davis suggests that by nurturing three specific traits, you can encourage others to trust you and what you stand for.
- /leading-teams/lencioni-five-dysfunctions-quiz/: Lencioni's Five Dysfunctions of a Team: Interactive Quiz — Test your knowledge of Patrick Lencioni's Five Dysfunctions of a Team model — from absence of trust to inattention to results — with this 10-question interactive quiz.
- /leading-teams/managing-an-inherited-team-your-first-90-days/: Managing an Inherited Team: Your First 90 Days — A practical first-90-days guide for managers taking over an existing team — how to diagnose, build trust, and act without breaking what already works.
- /leading-teams/managing-people-steve-jobs/: Steve Jobs on Managing People — The late Steve Jobs discusses his experiences and tips for managing teams and optimising performance from all of his followers.
- /leading-teams/managing-team-expectations/: Managing Team Expectations – How To — How do we manage team expectations to avoid the implications of too high or too low expectations? Methods, techniques and examples can be found here.
- /leading-teams/managing-up-a-practical-guide-for-managers/: Managing Up: A Practical Guide for Working Managers — Most managers invest heavily in relationships with their team and too little in their relationship with their boss. Here's how to fix that without becoming a yes-person.
- /leading-teams/managing-your-teams-workload/: Managing Team Workloads - How To — Understanding the factors that lead to employees struggling with their workload and how to help alleviate the issues that arise.
- /leading-teams/maximising-team-performance/: How to Improve Team Performance — Before achieving any outcome ensure people are working together effectively as a team. Follow these 4 simple steps to maximise and improve team performance.
- /leading-teams/measuring-team-performance/: Measuring Team Performance – How To — Techniques and tools for measuring team performance. Use these performance management methods to monitor and improve overall results.
- /leading-teams/motivating-your-team/: Motivating Your Team – How To — Exploring factors that play a role in team motivation, from specifics such as level of personal interest to enabling motivation through goal setting.
- /leading-teams/multi-skilling/: Benefits and Strategies of Multi–Skilling — Read all about the definition, benefits and strategies of having multi-skilled employees working in your team – use multi-skilling as a business strategy.
- /leading-teams/one-to-one-meetings-that-actually-work/: One-to-One Meetings That Actually Work: A Manager's Guide — Most 1:1s die as status updates or get cancelled. This practical guide shows managers how to run one-to-ones that build trust, surface problems early, and develop their people.
- /leading-teams/paei-model/: PAEI Model – Build Successful Teams — Dr Ichaz Adizes' PAEI Model describes the traits and attributes of four distinct roles that a manager or team must fulfil to be well–balanced and successful.
- /leading-teams/patrick-lencioni-5-dysfuntions/: Dysfunctions of Teams and Overcoming Them — Explanation of Patrick Lencioni's 5 dysfunctions, the role of the leader in each of them and the rewards and methods of addressing each dysfunction.
- /leading-teams/reducing-conflict-and-building-relationships/: Reduce Conflict and Building Better Relationships — Want to learn how to become a better 'people person'? Paul McGee gives his advice on communication skills and how to interact with others.
- /leading-teams/rewarding-your-team/: Rewarding Your Team – How To — Why reward your team for working? What you get back for rewarding far outweighs what you give. Find out more about the best ways to do this.
- /leading-teams/takeaway-task---leading-teams/: Takeaway Task - Leading Teams — Takeaway Task - Leading Teams
- /leading-teams/team-briefings/: Running Effective Team Briefings – How to — How to plan and run successful, productive team briefings – techniques to maximise teamwork and co–operation. With downloadable templates and resources.
- /leading-teams/team-contracts/: Team Contracts: Responsibilities and Expectations — A team contract can be drawn up to set clear responsibilities and establish a code of conduct. Find how what a team contract should include here.
- /leading-teams/team-exercises/: Getting Team Exercises Right – How to — Explore how to improve team exercises to be more productive and informative for the entire team. Link to free team exercises ideas available here.
- /leading-teams/the-feedback-balance/: The Importance of Giving Balanced Feedback — What happens when too little or too much positive feedback is given to employees? How to find a balance when giving feedback.
- /leading-teams/the-grpi-model/: Beckhard's GRPI Model — Richard Beckhard’s GRPI model is an approach to increase the effectiveness of team development and is a formula used for leading high–performance teams.
- /leading-teams/the-jd-r-model/: Job Demands–Resources Model — The Job Demands–Resources Model (JD–R) is used by managers to predict employee engagement and employee burnout. Find out how you can use the model here.
- /leading-teams/the-johari-window/: The Johari Window Model — The Johari Window, developed by Luft and Ingham (1995) can used to assess the level of communication and awareness within a team - Summary of the model here.
- /leading-teams/the-leader-member-exchange-theory/: Leader–Member Exchange Theory — The three steps of Leader-Member Exchange Theory (LMX): role taking, role making and routinization. The importance of high LMX relationships.
- /leading-teams/tips-for-giving-feedback/: Tips for Giving Feedback — Tips and techniques for giving feedback to employees and colleagues. Tailor the critiquing to each individual, but these guidelines are always applicable.
- /leading-teams/tuckman-stages-of-group-development-quiz/: Tuckman's Stages of Group Development: Interactive Quiz — Test your knowledge of Bruce Tuckman's forming, storming, norming, performing and adjourning model with this 10-question interactive quiz.

## Learning and Behaviour Styles

Category index: /learning-and-behaviour-styles/

- /learning-and-behaviour-styles/blooms-taxonomy/: Bloom's Taxonomy of Learning — Bloom's taxonomy of learning domains explained – definitions and descriptions for the cognitive, affective, psychomotor domains.
- /learning-and-behaviour-styles/conscious-competence-learning-model/: Conscious Competence Model — Four stages of learning theory – unconscious incompetence to unconscious competence matrix – and other theories and models for learning and change.
- /learning-and-behaviour-styles/experiential-learning/: Experiential Learning — How to facilitate experiential learning and organise and review experience–based activities and events
- /learning-and-behaviour-styles/honey-and-mumfords-learning-styles/: Honey and Mumford's Learning Styles — Honey and Mumford's four Learning Styles act as a simple framework for identifying suitable activities in order to maximise time spent learning.
- /learning-and-behaviour-styles/howard-gardners-multiple-intelligences/: Howard Gardner: Multiple Intelligences Theory — Gardner's Multiple Intelligences Theory, principles, breakdown and interpretations. Also read for VAK (Visual Auditory Kinesthetic) learning styles model.
- /learning-and-behaviour-styles/kolbs-experiential-learning-cycle-quiz/: Kolb's Experiential Learning Cycle: Interactive Quiz — Test your knowledge of Kolb's four-stage experiential learning cycle and learning styles with this 10-question interactive quiz.
- /learning-and-behaviour-styles/kolbs-learning-styles/: Kolb's Experiential Learning Theory — David Kolb's learning styles model and experiential learning theory. Use this to design training and learning exercises for yourself and employees.
- /learning-and-behaviour-styles/resources/: Learning and Behaviour Styles Resources — Free downloadable questionnaires, diagnostic tools, and diagrams for VAK, Kolb, multiple intelligences, and other learning style frameworks.
- /learning-and-behaviour-styles/vak-learning-styles/: VAK Learning Styles Self Assessment – Free — VAK (Visual Auditory Kinesthetic) Model: Free questionnaire and explanations for self–assessment and measurement of personal or employee learning styles.

## Managing Multiple Teams

Category index: /team-management/

- /team-management/appreciative-inquiry/: Appreciative Inquiry (AI) — Appreciative Inquiry (AI) is a method of approaching change in an organisation that positively includes all members to improve their engagement and attitude.
- /team-management/communication-games-5370/: Communication Games — Some short and simple games for to improve individual and group communication.
- /team-management/competitive-games/: Competitive Workplace Games — Games to provoke competition between players.
- /team-management/developing-high-performing-teams/: Developing High Performing Teams — Explore factors that contribute to the formulation and maintenance of a high performing team in different circumstances using critical models and videos.
- /team-management/icebreaker-games/: Icebreaker Games — Some short and simple games for breaking the ice with new individuals and groups.
- /team-management/planning-games-5372/: Planning Team Building Games for Work — Simple planning games to aid organisational and resourceful thinking.
- /team-management/problem-solving-games-5371/: Problem-Solving Games — Simple and effective problem-solving games to improve group cohesion and lateral thinking.
- /team-management/reflective-management/: Reflective Management — Reflective practice is a practice in which managers and leaders use their own self–awareness, behaviours and interactions as a source of learning.
- /team-management/running-team-briefings/: Running Team Briefings — Team building is a powerful method of enabling communication. Use our free document templates and examples to further your knowledge and prepare for them.
- /team-management/seasonal-games/: Seasonal Games for Office Events — Games to bring festive cheer.
- /team-management/team-building-games-intro/: An Introduction to Team Building Games — Introduction to the collection of simple team building games.
- /team-management/team-building-games-training-ideas-and-tips/: Team Building: Games, Ideas and Tips — Free team-building games, exercises and techniques for training, conferences, warm–ups, ice–breakers, or even children's parties.
- /team-management/tuckman-forming-storming-norming-performing-model/: Tuckman: Forming, Storming, Norming and Performing — The four stages of Bruce Tuckman's team development model discussed and explained using diagrams and comparisons to similar team behaviour models.

## Motivation and Staff Performance

Category index: /improving-workplace-performance/

- /improving-workplace-performance/adams-equity-theory-on-job-motivation/: Adams' Equity Theory of Motivation — Adam's theory on motivation extends beyond the individual self and incorporates influence and comparison of other people's situation into job motivation.
- /improving-workplace-performance/adams-equity-theory-quiz/: Adams' Equity Theory: Interactive Quiz — Test your understanding of Adams' Equity Theory — inputs, outputs, referent comparisons, inequity responses, and its practical limits as a motivation model.
- /improving-workplace-performance/albert-humphreys-tam-business-change-model/: TAM Business Change Model (Albert Humphreys) — TAM® is a step by step formatted precise method which facilitates and enables any group to produce and achieve a plan to accomplish a specific result.
- /improving-workplace-performance/an-introduction-to-gamification/: An Introduction to Gamification — Gamification is the process of using game elements in typically non-game contexts which have become increasingly prevalent in today’s business world.
- /improving-workplace-performance/charles-handy-motivation-calculus/: Charles Handy's Motivational Calculus — Handy's Motivation Calculus is an extension of Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, and an example of his interpretation of the human condition and response to work.
- /improving-workplace-performance/daniel-pink-drive-motivation-quiz/: Daniel Pink's Drive: Interactive Quiz — Test your knowledge of Daniel Pink's Drive framework — autonomy, mastery, and purpose — and how intrinsic motivation outperforms carrot-and-stick rewards.
- /improving-workplace-performance/david-mcclelland-achievement-motivation/: David Mcclelland: Achievement Motivation — David McClelland proposes three types of motivation: achievement, power and affiliation motivation which have been widely adopted in many organisations.
- /improving-workplace-performance/employee-motivation-and-staff-motivation-surveys/: Employee Motivation and Staff Surveys — This article provides a structure, tips and techniques for creating an effective employee motivation survey questionnaire.
- /improving-workplace-performance/frederick-herzberg-background/: Frederick Herzberg's Theory of Motivation — Frederick Herzberg – an introduction to the thinker and his motivational theory.
- /improving-workplace-performance/frederick-herzberg-motivation-theory/: Frederick Herzberg's Two Factor Motivation Theory — Frederick Herzberg's theory of motivation and hygiene factors to improve satisfaction and avoid dissatisfaction explained clearly with diagrams and graphs.
- /improving-workplace-performance/herzberg-two-factor-theory-quiz/: Herzberg's Two-Factor Theory: Interactive Quiz — Test your knowledge of Herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory with 10 questions covering hygiene factors, motivators, and job enrichment.
- /improving-workplace-performance/maslow-hierarchy-of-needs-quiz/: Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs Quiz — A 20-question interactive quiz to test your knowledge of Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory, with answers and explanations.
- /improving-workplace-performance/mcclelland-three-needs-theory-quiz/: McClelland's Three Needs Theory: Interactive Quiz — Test your understanding of David McClelland's achievement, affiliation and power motivation model with this 10-question interactive quiz.
- /improving-workplace-performance/mcgregor-theory-x-y-quiz/: McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y: Interactive Quiz — Test your knowledge of Douglas McGregor's Theory X and Theory Y — 10 questions on management assumptions, leadership style, and workplace motivation.
- /improving-workplace-performance/mcgregors-xy-theory-of-management/: McGregor's XY Theory of Management — Douglas McGregor's famous X–Y theory is still referred to regularly in management styles and improving workplace motivation. Free diagrams available here.
- /improving-workplace-performance/motivational-case-study-exercise/: Motivational Case Study Exercises — Free motivational case studies, which can be used for learning, teaching and team-building exercises.
- /improving-workplace-performance/motivational-model-maslows-hierarchy-of-needs/: Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs — A look at Maslow's hierarchy of needs and how it attempts to explain motivation through human basic needs up to our complex social needs.
- /improving-workplace-performance/nudge-theory/: Nudge Theory: A Complete Overview — An overview of Nudge Theory and its impact on motivation at an individual or group level. Nudge Theory fully defined and explained in practice with examples.
- /improving-workplace-performance/the-puzzle-of-motivation/: Dan Pink: The Puzzle of Motivation — A video presented by Dan Pink a career analyst who attempts to explore 'the puzzle of motivation'.
- /improving-workplace-performance/to-what-extent-is-money-a-motivator/: To What Extent is Money a Motivator? — Understanding the extent to which people are motivated and governed by money and how this impacts on workplace motivation.
- /improving-workplace-performance/vroom-expectancy-theory-quiz/: Vroom's Expectancy Theory: Interactive Quiz — Test your knowledge of Victor Vroom's expectancy theory of motivation — expectancy, instrumentality and valence — with 10 scenario-based questions.
- /improving-workplace-performance/vroom/: Vroom's Expectancy Theory of Motivation — Understanding Vroom's Expectancy Theory, and how to apply it to motivate team members and other staff.

## Operational Performance Management

Category index: /operational-performance-management-and-reporting/

- /operational-performance-management-and-reporting/identifying-the-right-performance-measures/: Identifying the Right Performance Measures — Identifying the Right Performance Measures
- /operational-performance-management-and-reporting/key-performance-indicators/: Key Performance Indicators — Key Performance Indicators
- /operational-performance-management-and-reporting/personal-business-objectives/: Aligning Individual and Business Goals — It is important to set personal objectives so each employee is aware of their own responsibilities within company strategy.
- /operational-performance-management-and-reporting/stretch-goals/: Stretch Goals — Stretch Goals

## Organisational Culture Training

Category index: /organisational-culture/

- /organisational-culture/adizes-ten-stages-corporate-life-cycle-model/: Adizes's Corporate Life Cycle Model — Read about Dr Ichak Adizes' simple 10 stage Corporate Life Cycle model that defines the typical stages a business will pass through.
- /organisational-culture/case-study-2007-8-global-financial-crisis/: Corporate Governance: Global Financial Crisis — A brief outline of the 2007/08 global financial crisis and how the global financial crisis influenced corporate government legislation.
- /organisational-culture/case-study-bcci-collapse/: Corporate Governance: BCCI Case Study — A case study exploring the implications that Bank of Credit and Commerce International's (BCCI) operations had on global standards in trade.
- /organisational-culture/case-study-bp-deepwater-horizon-disaster/: Corporate Governance: Deepwater Horizon Disaster — A case study exploring the contributing factors and outcomes of the BP Deepwater Horizon Disaster.
- /organisational-culture/corporate-governance/: Corporate Governance — A complete overview of the field of corporate governance, from the history, scandals and disasters, USA and EU governance to free to use templates.
- /organisational-culture/corporate-responsibility-and-ethics/: Corporate Responsibility and Ethics — Ethical decision–making is the basis of ethical organisations, corporate social responsibility, 'Fairtrade', sustainability and the 'triple bottom line'.
- /organisational-culture/driving-employee-engagement/: Driving Employee Engagement — Behavioural researcher and author Dan Pink discusses various tactics leaders may employ to motivate and drive individual engagement from their staff.
- /organisational-culture/edgar-schein-model/: Edgar Schein Model – Organisational Culture — An overview of the Edgar Schein model of organisational culture theory. Details on the artefacts, values and assumed values of organisational culture.
- /organisational-culture/employee-engagement/: Employee Engagement Overview — Exploring the concept of employee engagement, its importance and techniques for improving employee engagement in your organisation.
- /organisational-culture/flexible-firm-model/: Atkinson's Flexible–Firm Model — The Flexible-Firm Model is a technique used to optimise the allocation of human resources in accordance with market instability and workforce flexibility.
- /organisational-culture/gung-ho-ken-blanchard-s-organisational-development-system/: Gung Ho! – Ken Blanchard — Ken Blanchard and Sheldon Bowles's Gung Ho!® is a recently licensed methodology for developing and improving organisational culture and performance.
- /organisational-culture/hofstede-cultural-dimensions-quiz/: Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions: Interactive Quiz — Test your knowledge of Hofstede's six cultural dimensions — power distance, individualism, uncertainty avoidance, and their implications for management practice.
- /organisational-culture/hofstede-model/: Hofstede's Model of Organisational Culture — Exploring Geert Hofstede's 5 factors that influence the culture of a workplace and how to improve your workplace by changing them.
- /organisational-culture/introduction-charles-handy-organisational-culture/: Introduction to Charles Handy's Model of Organisational Culture — Charles Handy's model of Organisational Culture is an important and easy-to-understand framework for characterising different company cultures.
- /organisational-culture/introduction-to-corporate-governance/: An Introduction to Corporate Governance — Corporate Governance is a mechanism for regulating risk in corporate activities, averting corporate disasters, scandals and damage or losses to investors.
- /organisational-culture/johnson-scholes-cultural-web/: The Cultural Web Model – Johnson and Scholes — Johnson and Scholes' Cultural Web is an important role in the understanding and control of organisational culture.
- /organisational-culture/likerts-management-systems/: Likert's Management Systems: Organisational Dynamics — Rensis Likert's Management Systems are powerful theories of leadership which highlight various organisational dynamics and characteristics.
- /organisational-culture/major-factors-driving-need-for-improved-corporate-governance/: Factors Influencing Corporate Governance — 4 factors that play a major role in influencing and driving corporate governance, plus details and reasons for their influence and why they need monitoring.
- /organisational-culture/organisational-culture-and-employee-performance/: How Organisational Cultures Affect Performance — Exploring how different types of organisational culture impact on the overall performance of employees and their advantages and how to implement them.
- /organisational-culture/shamrock-organisations/: Shamrock Organisations – Organisational Development — Charles Handy's concept is an organisational culture model used to map the structure of a company and plan company change and development.
- /organisational-culture/shaping-organisational-culture/: What Influences Organisational Culture? — There are a number of different factors that can impact a company's culture. These can come from both internal and external sources.
- /organisational-culture/social-responsibility-of-the-corporation/: What is Corporate Social Responsibility? — CSR determines how to should make strategic decisions for your organisation in an ethical, sustainable and responsible way. Learn key aspects of CSR here.
- /organisational-culture/types-of-organisational-culture/: Types of Organisational Culture — Many have studied organisational culture and attempted to classify the different types. Here, we will outline some of these and their characteristics.

## Organisational Governance

Category index: /organisational-governance/

- /organisational-governance/code-of-ethics/: Writing a Code of Ethics — A Code of Ethics is essential to the culture and values of an organisation.They must be designed and embedded in teams to ensure integrity and success.
- /organisational-governance/code-of-practice-sample/: Code of Practice — Free sample code of practice to help design your own for your business. Important for defining structures and forming the foundation of culture.
- /organisational-governance/contracts-and-agreements-legal-terms-and-definitions/: Legal Terms Glossary — A free glossary of contracts jargon, legal terms and definitions; a dictionary of legal contracts words, expressions, terminology, including Latin terms.
- /organisational-governance/introduction-to-crisis-management/: Guide to Crisis Management and Planning — Crisis management means damage control. We know you cannot remove the risk altogether. The aim is to prevent, contain, and minimise negative impacts.
- /organisational-governance/resources/: Organisational Governance Resources — Free downloadable reference documents for corporate governance and compliance.
- /organisational-governance/service-contracts-and-supply-agreements-template-and-tips/: Service Contracts & Supply Agreements — Service contracts and trading supply agreements templates and examples – how to write services contracts.
- /organisational-governance/the-great-reset-the-incentives-practicality-and-pitfalls-of-going-green-/: Incentives, Practicality and Pitfalls of ‘Going Green’ — The Great Reset: The Incentives, Practicality and Pitfalls of ‘Going Green’
- /organisational-governance/what-is-a-crisis-/: What is a Business Crisis? — A crisis can shake a company to its core. Regardless of company size, structure, or protections in place, you can never be immune to crises and incidents.

## Performance and Talent Management

Category index: /performance-management/

- /performance-management/360-report-templates/: 360 Resource Template: Resource — Managing Multiple Teams: Resource: 360 Report Templates | BusinessBalls: Leadership, Compliance, Soft Skills Training
- /performance-management/balanced-scorecard-quiz/: Balanced Scorecard: Interactive Quiz — Test your knowledge of the Kaplan and Norton Balanced Scorecard — its four perspectives, strategic measures, and practical application.
- /performance-management/balanced-scorecard/: Balanced Scorecard with Examples — Kaplan and Norton's model: a definition and overview of the scorecard and the four components with examples and implementation methods.
- /performance-management/business-process-modelling/: Business Process Modelling — Guide to Business Process Modelling and Business Process Models, examples, diagrams, and how to write and create BPMs.
- /performance-management/deming-pdca-cycle-quiz/: Deming's PDCA Cycle: Interactive Quiz — Test your understanding of the Plan-Do-Check-Act cycle and how it drives continuous improvement in organisations with this 10-question quiz.
- /performance-management/kirkpatrick-four-levels-quiz/: Kirkpatrick's Four Levels of Training Evaluation: Interactive Quiz — Test your knowledge of Donald Kirkpatrick's four-level model for evaluating training effectiveness, from learner reaction to measurable business results.
- /performance-management/people-performance-potential-model/: People–Performance–Potential Model — The 'people potential performance model' is useful in categorising the talent and profile of large groups of people in an HR or organisational context.
- /performance-management/performance-appraisals/: Performance Appraisals — Performance appraisals, 360 degree feedback and employee evaluation – free forms, techniques, tips, process and theory.
- /performance-management/performance-improvement-plans-when-they-work-when-they-dont/: Performance Improvement Plans: When They Work, When They Don't — A working manager's guide to PIPs — when a Performance Improvement Plan genuinely fixes the problem, when it's just an exit route, and how to tell which is which.
- /performance-management/performance-improvement-plans/: Performance Improvement Plans: When They Work, When They Don't — A practical manager's guide to Performance Improvement Plans — when to use one, how to write it properly, and the common mistakes that turn them into expensive paperwork exercises.
- /performance-management/performance-management-tips-and-techniques/: Performance Management: Tips and Techniques — Performance Management is widely regarded as the responsibility of managers. However, both manager and employee must align approaches to optimise results.
- /performance-management/performance-management/: Performance Management — Performance management training tips: simple system for managing employees performance in business and organisations.
- /performance-management/quality-management-history-gurus-tqm-process-improvement-and-more/: Quality Management — Quality Management – free guide to history, methods, tools, TQM technqiues – free training materials, quality management tools, processes.
- /performance-management/resources/: Performance Management Resources — Free downloadable performance appraisal templates, training evaluation tools, skills assessments, and TQM case studies.
- /performance-management/six-sigma/: Six Sigma — Six Sigma is the most popular management methodology ever. Free overview of Six Sigma quality improvement model – definitions, glossary, history, processes.
- /performance-management/training-needs-analysis/: Free Training Needs Analysis: Tools and Templates — Use these templates to identify areas in which individuals at all levels of your organisation may need to develop their skills, knowledge or expertise.

## Personal and Professional Development

Category index: /personal-and-professional-development/

- /personal-and-professional-development/accessing-academic-literature/: Accessing Academic Literature — Without a full understanding of the key research and academic studies to date, you cannot define your own research questions.
- /personal-and-professional-development/assertiveness-techniques-and-self-confidence/: Being Assertive and Self–Confident — Building self–confidence and assertiveness through our simple methods and techniques – knowing the facts, being prepared – read here for the rest!
- /personal-and-professional-development/camplings-aspects-of-the-work-psyche/: Campling's Aspects of the Work Psyche — Matthew Campling's theories on Age/Work Arc, workplace anger, ego, depression and ideas for anticipating and making the most of new career direction changes.
- /personal-and-professional-development/career-anchors-edgar-schein/: Edgar Schein's Career Anchors — Schein's career anchors are a set of values and priorities around which individuals structure their approaches to work and development.
- /personal-and-professional-development/career-business-direction-planner/: Career/Business Planner — Planner template for career, self–employment or new business start–up, a process for turning passion into profit, for life balance and success.
- /personal-and-professional-development/critical-thinking/: Critical Thinking: Tips and Techniques — Critical thinking is an invaluable tool which can be applied to subjects to develop an objective understanding of ideas, and to make an informed decision.
- /personal-and-professional-development/demographics-and-lifestyle-classifications-and-uk-population-percentages/: Demographics — Free social grade definitions and demographics classifications and geodemographic classes.
- /personal-and-professional-development/eriksons-theory-of-human-development/: Theory of Human Development – Erik Erikson — For child development and adults – explanation of Erik Erikson's Psychosocial Theory of human development, biography, diagrams, terminology, references.
- /personal-and-professional-development/how-to-complaints-letters/: How to: Complaints Letters — How to write an effective complaints letter, including free examples, samples, templates and guides for you to use yourself.
- /personal-and-professional-development/how-to-identify-further-reading/: How to Identify Further Reading — Sometimes just reading one article isn't enough. Further reading around a topic can be invaluable, but it can be identify what you need to be looking for.
- /personal-and-professional-development/i-am-a-script-for-self-help-and-personal-change/: "I am" Script for Personal Change — Some simple words to help self–belief, personal happiness and fulfilment.
- /personal-and-professional-development/interviews-star-technique/: STAR: How To Answer Interview Questions — Situation, Task, Action, Result. The STAR Technique provides you with a simple framework to prepare for, and answer behavioural questions in interviews.
- /personal-and-professional-development/job-hunting-in-tough-times/: Job Hunting in Tough Times — A guaranteed to be successful, direct process for job–hunting when you've tried all the usual methods, plus tips, method and tools for implementation.
- /personal-and-professional-development/job-search/: Free Job Search — Free job search tool from BusinessBalls.com. Use this page to search for the career of your dreams.
- /personal-and-professional-development/note-taking/: The Key to Effective Note–Taking — Effective notes are important for the retention of information, allowing you to re–digest and use content at a later date.
- /personal-and-professional-development/nvqs-national-vocational-qualifications/: NVQs — History and development of NVQs – NVQs structure, definitions, terminology – full lists of NVQs and other national framework qualifications.
- /personal-and-professional-development/personal-development-excellent-bbc-books-series/: 8 Personal Development Books You Should Read — Inspirational and motivational books for personal and organisational development - books on work-life-balance, self–awareness or negotiation skills.
- /personal-and-professional-development/personal-development-plan-pdp-templates/: Personal Development Plans — Personal development plans are vital for objectively mapping out the future of your personal development.
- /personal-and-professional-development/personal-development-plan-template-2/: Personal Development — Free online Personal Development course. This course will give you the knowledge and skills to identify gaps and plan your development journey.
- /personal-and-professional-development/personal-development/: Personal Development — A modern alternative to traditional self-development covering modern integrated methods, self-discovery, self-help, motivation and achievement psychology.
- /personal-and-professional-development/qualitative-research-methods/: How to use Qualitative Research Methods — Due to it's nature, qualitative research can be difficult to tackle, and should only be approached with a full understanding of methodology.
- /personal-and-professional-development/quantitative-research-methods/: Quantitative Research Methods — One of the two major styles of research, quantitative research revolves around the collection, analysis and interpretation of numbers and other statistics.
- /personal-and-professional-development/reading-tips/: Tips for Academic Reading — Here we will discuss ways to avoid falling at the first hurdle in research, and how to get the most from your reading.
- /personal-and-professional-development/referencing-for-academia/: Academic Referencing (Harvard, Vancouver) — Here, we explain both Vancouver and Harvard referencing, how to write in–text citations, and how to build a reference list (bibliography).
- /personal-and-professional-development/resources/: Personal and Professional Development Resources — Free downloadable templates, career planning tools, and reference materials for personal and professional growth.
- /personal-and-professional-development/salary-negotiation-tips/: Salary Negotiation Tips — Free tips and help when negotiating pay, and handling requests for pay increases, plus more free techniques and theories.
- /personal-and-professional-development/stress-and-stress-management/: Stress and Stress Management — Free stress reduction techniques for the workplace and personal stress relief, stress management and an outline of the causes and susceptibility to stress.
- /personal-and-professional-development/the-702010-model/: The 70:20:10 Model — 70:20:10 is a simple framework used in leadership learning to describe the ratio of different developmental inputs to aid learning within organisations.
- /personal-and-professional-development/the-art-of-finding-meaningful-work/: The Art of Finding Meaningful Work — A short article offering insightful tips into getting more meaning out of work.
- /personal-and-professional-development/the-four-agreements-don-miguel-ruiz/: The Four Agreements – Don Miguel Ruiz — Don Miguel Ruiz's The Four Agreements book provides an inspirational code for life, his ideas come from ancient Toltec wisdom.
- /personal-and-professional-development/the-seven-habits-of-highly-effective-people/: Summary of Seven Habits of Highly Effective People — A review and summary of Stephen Covey's Seven Habits Of Highly Effective People, plus more free training, tools, techniques and diagrams on self-management.
- /personal-and-professional-development/what-are-soft-skills/: What are "Soft Skills"? – Free Leadership Training — Explore soft skills' significance in personal and professional development, how they differ from hard skills, and uncover tips to enhance your abilities.
- /personal-and-professional-development/what-are-transferable-skills/: What are Transferable Skills? | Free Leadership Training — Discover the essence of transferable skills in our insightful article. Free Leadership and Personal Development training at BusinessBalls.com.
- /personal-and-professional-development/what-is-cpd/: What is CPD? — CPD stands for Continuing Professional Development. It encompasses all of the training you complete after induction and onboarding, and how you document it.
- /personal-and-professional-development/workplace-well-being/: Workplace Well–Being — Workplace well–being theory and management – tips, methods, ways to improve emotional health and stress reduction at work for employers and employees.
- /personal-and-professional-development/writing-a-cv/: CV Writing: Templates, Examples, and Tips — A Curriculum Vitae proves you are suitable for a role. Use our online samples, styles and formats to display your skills, knowledge and experience!
- /personal-and-professional-development/writing-a-resignation-letter-tips-samples-and-templates/: Resignation Letters: Templates and Examples — How to write resignation and retirement letters - accepting and withdrawing resignation. Free samples, formatting, templates and examples.
- /personal-and-professional-development/writing-academically/: Academic Writing Styles — Here we outline a few of the various writing styles employed in academic writing, when they are appropriate, and how you would use these to full effect.

## Personal Relationships

Category index: /personal-relationships/

- /personal-relationships/dating-and-matchmaking/: Dating and Matchmaking — Dating tips and principles, examples of communications behaviours in relationships, self–development, assertiveness, fulfilment.
- /personal-relationships/ladder-theory-of-sexual-relationships/: Ladder Theory — Ladder Theory explanation and relevance to understanding and learing about human relationships.

## Problem Solving and Decision Making

Category index: /problem-solving-and-decision-making/

- /problem-solving-and-decision-making/brainstorming-advanced-kaleidoscope-method-for-creativity-and-deep-team-building/: Advanced 'Kaleidoscope' Method for Creativity — Free 'Kaleidoscope' brainstorm techniques as well as ideas for sessions, deep team building and meetings.
- /problem-solving-and-decision-making/decision-making-and-problem-solving/: Decision–Making & Problem Solving — Decision–making and problem–solving tips and techniques to ensure correct and accurate decisions are being made by yourself and across the organisation.
- /problem-solving-and-decision-making/how-to-brainstorming-for-team-building-and-problem-solving/: Brainstorming — Free brainstorming techniques, ideas for meetings, conferences with brainstorming tools, rules and exercises,
- /problem-solving-and-decision-making/ooda-loop/: Boyd's OODA Loop Theory for Business — The OODA (Observe, Orient, Decide, Act) loop is a decision–making strategy we all make. It is explained with diagrams for business here, with examples.
- /problem-solving-and-decision-making/six-thinking-hats-quiz/: Six Thinking Hats: Interactive Quiz — Test your knowledge of Edward de Bono's Six Thinking Hats — the six thinking modes, parallel vs adversarial thinking, and applying the framework to real workplace decisions.

## Project Planning and Management

Category index: /project-management/

- /project-management/project-management-models-and-accreditation/: Project Management Models and Accreditation — Project Management Models and Accreditation
- /project-management/project-management-skills-and-techniques/: Project Management: Techniques and Free Tools — Outline of the project management process, free tools, plans, systems and training – simple tips and technique to manage your projects with success.
- /project-management/project-management-templates/: Project Management Templates — A collection of Downloadable Project Management Templates.
- /project-management/project-sponsorship/: Project Sponsorship — Project sponsorship training materials – definitions, aims, principles, examples, differences between project sponsorship and management.

## Self Awareness

Category index: /self-awareness/

- /self-awareness/abstract-images-for-feelings-challenge-and-change/: Abstract Images for Feelings — Abstract images helpful for reflection, self–analysis, personal change, and facilitation of change and development.
- /self-awareness/benziger-personality-assessment/: Benziger Personality Assessment Model — Overview of Dr Katherine Benziger's personality assessment model for personal and organisational development.
- /self-awareness/bosi-quadrant-of-entrepreneurial-dna/: BOSI Quadrant of Entrepreneurial DNA — The BOSI Quadrant is a system for identifying the different personality styles of aspiring businesspeople and the varying approaches to entrepreneurship.
- /self-awareness/cherie-carter-scott-s-rules-of-life/: Cherie Carter–Scott – Rules of Life — Cherie Carter–Scott's Rules of Life from her book: If Life is a Game, These are the Rules – a template for life and personal development.
- /self-awareness/edge-it-model/: EDGE–IT Model of Reflective Practice — EDGE–IT (Experience, Deliberate, Generate, Execute, Iterate) is a simple model and framework for reflective practice and learning from our experiences.
- /self-awareness/graphology-handwriting-analysis/: Graphology: An Introduction — Learn how experts attempt to analyse handwriting to infer a number of different aspects about the writer.
- /self-awareness/johari-window-model-and-free-diagrams/: The Johari Window – Free Self Reflection Model and Diagrams — The Johari Window model is a useful tool for illustrating and improving self–awareness, mutual understanding between individuals within a group.
- /self-awareness/johari-window-quiz/: Johari Window: Interactive Quiz — Test your understanding of the Johari Window model — its four quadrants, blind spots, self-disclosure, and application in leadership and team development.
- /self-awareness/main-theories-of-emotional-and-social-intelligence-esi/: Emotional and Social Intelligence: Theories and Models — Main theories of emotional and social intelligence. Learn how to understand yours, and others' emotions, using free diagrams and models.
- /self-awareness/maslow-s-hierarchy-of-needs/: Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs — Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory explains motivation. Here you will find a definition, summary, examples and diagrams of Maslow's pyramid.
- /self-awareness/personal-brand-management-1/: Personal Brand Management — Find out more about the importance of managing your personal brand as a leader and simple steps you can take to build your reputation and credibility.
- /self-awareness/personality-tests/: Selection of Free Online Personality Tests — Howard Gardner's multiple intelligences, VAK learning styles, ethical decision making and more free online personality and self–awareness tests.
- /self-awareness/personality-theories-and-types/: Personality Theories and Types — History and explanation of personality testing and analysis, from the Four Temperaments to Katherine Benziger.
- /self-awareness/reflective-practice/: Reflective Practice: Models and Process — The importance and benefits of reflective practice, with definitions and the background. Read about process, method, and principles of effective reflecting.
- /self-awareness/resources/: Self-Awareness Resources — Free downloadable personality tests, self-assessments, and reference diagrams for self-awareness and personal insight.
- /self-awareness/seven-levels-of-leadership-consciousness/: Seven Levels of Leadership Consciousness — The Seven Levels of Leadership Consciousness ara framework for individual needs and development for leaders allowing them to fulfil their full potential.
- /self-awareness/skills-assessment/: Skills Assessments — A collection of downloadable skill assessment templates, for personal and team use.
- /self-awareness/what-does-it-mean-to-be-self-aware-/: What Does Self Awareness Mean? — Self awareness involves the recognition and understanding of oneself, including our thoughts, emotions, strengths, weaknesses, and behaviours.
- /self-awareness/wheel-of-change/: Marshall Goldsmith's Wheel of Change — The wheel of change is a useful tool created by Marshall Goldsmith, allowing individuals to evaluate their skills and behaviours and improve them.

## Strategy and Innovation Training

Category index: /strategy-innovation/

- /strategy-innovation/5ps-of-strategy/: Mintzberg's 5Ps of Strategy — Henry Mintzberg's 5Ps provide alternative perspectives on, and approaches to, developing organisational strategy.
- /strategy-innovation/ansoff-matrix-quiz/: Ansoff Matrix: Interactive Quiz — Test your knowledge of Ansoff's Growth Matrix — the four strategies for business growth, risk profiles, and applied strategic decision-making for managers.
- /strategy-innovation/ashbys-law-of-requisite-variety/: Ashby's Law of Requisite Variety — W. Ross Ashby was a British cyberneticist who described a law regarding the levels of variety and responses in a given system, later known as Ashby's Law.
- /strategy-innovation/continuity-and-contingency-management/: Continuity and Contingency Management — Continuity and contingency management are essential for dealing with unforeseen circumstances.
- /strategy-innovation/design-thinking/: Design Thinking: Creative Production Process — The five–step Design Thinking model was developed as a human–centred process for creative thinking, problem–solving and innovation.
- /strategy-innovation/in-search-of-excellence-tom-peters/: In Search of Excellence– Tom Peters — A summary of the ideas from In Search of Excellence by Tom Peters, and how to apply them yourselves for personal effectiveness.
- /strategy-innovation/mckinsey-7s-framework-quiz/: McKinsey 7S Framework: Interactive Quiz — Test your understanding of the McKinsey 7S Framework — from naming each element to applying alignment thinking in real organisational change scenarios.
- /strategy-innovation/pareto-80-20-principle-quiz/: Pareto's 80/20 Principle: Interactive Quiz — Test your understanding of the Pareto Principle — how the 80/20 rule works, where it applies, and how to use it as a prioritisation and analysis tool.
- /strategy-innovation/pest-pestle-steeple-market-analysis-tool/: PEST Market Analysis Tool — The PEST analysis is a useful tool for understanding market growth or decline, and as such the position, potential and direction for a business.
- /strategy-innovation/pestle-analysis-quiz/: PESTLE Analysis: Interactive Quiz — Test your understanding of PESTLE — classifying macro-environmental factors, applying the framework to real scenarios, and using PESTLE alongside SWOT.
- /strategy-innovation/porters-five-forces-model/: Porter's Five Forces Model — Michael Porter's Five Forces framework for analysing industry competition and strategic positioning.
- /strategy-innovation/porters-five-forces-quiz/: Porter's Five Forces: Interactive Quiz — Test your understanding of Porter's Five Forces — from naming each force to applying them in complex industry scenarios and strategic decision-making.
- /strategy-innovation/sostac-model-pr-smith-operational-planning/: SOSTAC Planning Model – PR Smith — SOSTAC by PR Smith is a simple organisational planning model for assessing your situation and plotting next steps.
- /strategy-innovation/strategy-implementation-and-realisation/: Strategy Implementation and Realisation — How to turn organisational development strategy into action: how to motivate people to work towards corporate aims.
- /strategy-innovation/swot-analysis-quiz/: SWOT Analysis: Interactive Quiz — Test your understanding of SWOT analysis — internal vs external factors, the TOWS extension, and applied strategic decision-making for managers.
- /strategy-innovation/swot-analysis/: SWOT: Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats — SWOT analysis is a useful framework used to evaluate an organisation's competitive position and to develop appropriate processes for strategic planning.
- /strategy-innovation/viable-system-model-stafford-beer/: Stafford Beer's Viable System Model (VSM) — Anthony Stafford Beer was a British leadership theorist, best known for his work into management cybernetics, including his Viable System Model.

## Time Management and Planning Workload

Category index: /planning-workload-time-management-and-prioritisation/

- /planning-workload-time-management-and-prioritisation/covey-s-planning-matrix/: Covey's Planning Matrix — Learn how to use Covey's Planning Matrix/the Eisenhower Grid to allocate and plan your work activities.
- /planning-workload-time-management-and-prioritisation/eisenhower-matrix-quiz/: Eisenhower Matrix: Interactive Quiz — Test your understanding of the Eisenhower Matrix — from its origins and quadrant logic to applied prioritisation scenarios and critical analysis.
- /planning-workload-time-management-and-prioritisation/goal-planning/: Goal Planning, Templates and Methods — A goal without a plan is just a wish. Using our simple and easy goal planner template, plan with the principles of cause and effect to achieve your aims.
- /planning-workload-time-management-and-prioritisation/pareto-80-20-rule-theory/: Pareto Principle: The 80–20 Rule — Pareto's Principle and his 80–20 rule: application, examples, and history. Read how to use Pareto's law for time management, marketing, sales and more.
- /planning-workload-time-management-and-prioritisation/resources/: Time Management and Workload Planning Resources — Free downloadable templates, questionnaires, and planning tools for time management, workload prioritisation, and goal-setting.
- /planning-workload-time-management-and-prioritisation/smart-goal-setting-templates/: Free SMART Goal-Setting Templates — Free SMART Goal-Setting Templates (.pdf and .docx) for both coaching and personal use.
- /planning-workload-time-management-and-prioritisation/smart-goals-quiz/: SMART Goals: Interactive Quiz — Test your understanding of SMART goals — from the original Doran framework to applied goal-writing, common pitfalls, and the SMARTER extension.
- /planning-workload-time-management-and-prioritisation/smart-goals/: SMART Goal Setting With Free Templates — Using SMART goal setting you can clarify your aims and maximise your time, effort and productivity to achieve your personal and organisational goals.
- /planning-workload-time-management-and-prioritisation/symptoms-of-poor-time-management-at-work/: Symptoms of Poor Time Management at Work — Do you think you have good time management? Are you showing any of these symptoms?
- /planning-workload-time-management-and-prioritisation/the-four-best-practices-of-time-management/: The Four Best Practices of Time Management — Learn the four best practices of time management and how to more effectively apply yourself to your personal and professional life.
- /planning-workload-time-management-and-prioritisation/the-four-ds-of-time-management/: Four Ds of Time Management — What are the 4 Ds of Time Management? Find out how to use them to plan your workload and save time here.
- /planning-workload-time-management-and-prioritisation/time-management-techniques/: Time Management Techniques and Templates — Personal time management techniques, tools and tips. Time management templates, practical tips, tools and skills to improve time management.
- /planning-workload-time-management-and-prioritisation/time-management-tips/: Time Management Tips — Time Management Tips